不同立地条件对林下紫芝生长的影响  

Effects of Different Site Conditions on the Growth of Ganoderma sinense Under Forest

作　　者：王兆成 陶伟[2] 钱晔[1] 杨浩 WANG Zhao-cheng(Huzhou Vocational and Technical College,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313099)

机构地区：[1]湖州职业技术学院,浙江湖州313099 [2]安徽农业大学,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第3期49-51,66,共4页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：湖州职业技术学院高层次人才专项(2022ZS09);黄山市科技计划项目(2020KN-09):紫灵芝良种选育及林下栽培关键技术研究。

摘　　要：[目的]探究不同环境因子对紫芝生长的影响,筛选出适宜的立地条件。[方法]从坡向、坡度、郁闭度、林分类型等林下仿野生栽培关键立地环境因子开展研究,探索不同环境因子对‘皖紫芝’紫芝良种生长影响的相关性,以筛选出适宜的林下栽培环境条件。[结果]通过对比分析针叶林、阔叶林和针阔混交林林下种植的紫芝生长情况,结果表明针阔混交林林下环境更适宜仿野生紫芝生长。郁闭度为0.65~0.85时紫芝干芝产量和孢子产量最高,为仿野生紫芝生长的适宜郁闭度。在坡度小于15°时紫芝的生物转化率、优质率以及单芝平均鲜重较高;半阴坡紫芝的生物转化率、优质率以及子实体产量优于阳坡和阴坡。土壤含水率约18%、土壤pH为6~7的弱酸性土壤是仿野生紫芝生长的适生土壤环境。[结论]该研究为推动林下紫芝栽培产业化发展提供了科学依据和技术指导。[Objective]The aim was to explore the effects of different environmental factors on the growth of Ganoderma sinense and screen out the suitable site conditions.[Method]The key site environmental factors such as slope direction,slope,canopy density and stand type were studied to explore the correlation between different environmental factors and the growth of‘Wanzizhi’,so as to screen out the suitable environmental conditions for understory cultivation.[Result]By comparing and analyzing the growth of G.sinense under coniferous forest,broad-leaved forest and mixed forest,the results showed that the mixed forest environment was more suitable for the growth of wild G.sinense.When the canopy density was 0.65-0.85,the dry yield and spore yield of G.sinense were the highest,which was the suitable canopy density for the growth of imitation wild G.sinense.When the slope was less than 15°,the biological conversion rate,high quality rate and average fresh weight of single G.sinense were higher.The biological conversion rate,high quality rate and fruiting body yield of G.sinense on semi-shady slope were better than those on sunny slope and shady slope.The weak acidic soil with a soil moisture content of about 18%and a soil pH of 6-7 was a suitable soil environment for the growth of wild-like G.sinense.[Conclusion]The research provided scientific basis and technical guidance for promoting the industrialization of understory cultivation of G.sinense.

关 键 词：立地条件 紫芝 生长 

分 类 号：S567.31[农业科学—中草药栽培]