宁南山区不同植被类型土壤水分变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Soil Water Under Different Vegetation Types in Mountain Area of Southern Ningxia

作　　者：安钰[1] 韩新生[1] 郭永忠[1] 王月玲[1] 许浩[1] AN Yu;HAN Xinsheng;GUO Yongzhong;WANG Yueling;XU Hao(Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Ningxia Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil and Water Conservation,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第8期59-65,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划资助项目(2021BEG03017);宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范资助项目(NGSB-2021-14-02,NGSB-2021-14-01);宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2022AAC03426)。

摘　　要：以宁夏南部山区山杏林、沙棘林、山杏×沙棘混交林3种典型植被为试材,采用野外定位监测法,对3种植被0~100 cm不同深度土壤水分进行连续1年定位观测,研究了不同植被类型土壤水分时间变化和垂直变化规律,以期了解宁南山区主要植被类型的土壤水分状况及耗水特性。结果表明:不同植被类型土壤储水量在年内变化趋势整体呈“M”型,土壤储水量按照从大到小的排序为山杏林(158.35 mm)>山杏×沙棘混交林(139.72 mm)>沙棘林(123.24 mm)。不同植被类型日平均土壤含水量的变化动态相似,其变化趋势与降雨量密切相关,9月山杏林、沙棘林、山杏×沙棘混交林地的土壤含水量分别是8月的1.56、1.41、1.49倍;3种植被类型平均土壤含水量最大值均在10月,最小值均在8月。在垂直方向上,3种植被土壤水分的变化有一定的差异性,随着土层深度的增加,沙棘林土壤含水量呈先增加后降低的趋势,山杏林、山杏×沙棘混交林土壤含水量呈波形变化趋势;3种植被类型土壤水分的变异系数总体呈下降趋势,沙棘林各土层变异系数的均值最大,为39.36%。综上,山杏林土壤水分状况最好,其次是山杏×沙棘林,为该区域植被恢复与可持续管理提供重要参考依据。Taking three typical vegetations(Prunus sibirica forest,Hippophae rhamnoides forest,P.sibirica and H.rhamnoides mixed forest)in the mountainous area of southern Ningxia as the test materials.The field positioning monitoring method was used to continuously observe soil moisture at different depths ranging from 0—100 cm in three vegetation types.The temporal and vertical variation characteristics of soil moisture in different vegetation types were studied,in order to understand the soil moisture status and water consumption characteristics of the main vegetation types in the mountainous area of southern Ningxia.The results showed that the variation trend of soil water storage in different vegetation types showed M-type during the year.The order of soil water storage from large to small was P.sibirica forest(158.35 mm)>P.sibirica×H.rhamnoides mixed forest(139.72 mm)>H.rhamnoides forest(123.24 mm).The daily average soil water content of different vegetation types was similar,and its variation trend was closely related to rainfall.The soil water content of P.sibirica,H.rhamnoides and P.sibirica×H.rhamnoides mixed in September were 1.56,1.41,1.49 times of that in August.The maximum average soil water content of three vegetation types were in October,and the minimum value were in August.In the vertical direction,there were some differences in the changes of soil water in the three vegetation types.With the increase of soil depth,the soil water content of H.rhamnoides forest increasing first and then decreasing,and the soil water content of P.sibiricaforest and P.sibirica×H.rhamnoides mixed forest showed a waveform changing trend.The coefficient of variation of soil water in the three vegetation types showed a downward trend,and the average coefficient of variation of H.rhamnoides forest was the largest,which was 39.36%.In conclusion,the soil water status of P.sibirica was the best,and the next was P.sibirica×H.rhamnoides mixed forest,which could provide important reference for local vegetation restoration and sust

关 键 词：宁南山区 土壤水分 山杏 沙棘 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]