识别文学艺术品的身份——论马戈利斯的艺术定义  

Identify the Literary Artworks:On Margolis'Definition of Art

作　　者：徐靓 宋伟 XU Liang;SONG Wei

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学文学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]上海交通大学人文艺术研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2024年第1期136-145,F0003,共11页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“马克思主义美学话语体系的历史演变和范式转换研究”(项目编号:22JZD005)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：马戈利斯的艺术定义,即艺术品的通用公式,将传统的规范性定义具体化为对艺术品的描述性表述,主张“艺术品是以物理形式现身并在文化中浮现出来的实体”,进而揭示艺术的本质。识别艺术品的身份是以物理艺术媒介物为基础,由读者主导的感知过程。这要求读者把艺术品置于具体的文化语境之中,将对物理艺术媒介的感官感知和对审美艺术设计的思维感知融合在一起。他坚信艺术始终处于流变之中,因此,对艺术品身份的识别也应该被视为人类理解艺术的历史性发展过程。最后,他又为定义附加了“类型”“殊例”“宏大类型”及“首要例子”理论,来辨别不同体裁的艺术品,尤其为文学艺术品身份的识别提供了具有实践意义的策略和方法。Margolis'definition of art,namely his generic formula of artworks,concretes the traditional normative art definition into the description of artworks,asserting that"artworks are physically embodied and culturally emergent entities",which further uncovers the essence of art.Identifying a work of art is a reader-driven perceptual process which takes the physical art medium as its basis.It requires readers to situate artworks within the specific culture context and combine the sensory perception of the physical art medium and the thinking perception of an aesthetic design.Since he insists that the art is in flux all the time,identifying a work of art should be considered as a historical process of perceiving art as well.Finally,he adds the theories of"type","token","megatype"and"prime instance"to the definition of art,to identify artworks of different genres,providing practical strategies and methods for identifying the identity of literary artworks in particular.

关 键 词：约瑟夫·马戈利斯 艺术的定义 艺术的公式 艺术实践 文学艺术品的身份 

分 类 号：Z06[文化科学]