低温组合药剂对菱镁矿与白云石浮选分离影响  

Efffect of Low-Temperature Combined Reagent on Flotation Separation of Magnesite and Dolomite

作　　者：薛铭 印万忠[1] XUE Ming;YIN Wanzhong(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第4期124-135,共12页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874072.52174239,52374259)。

摘　　要：在T=10℃条件下,以瓜尔胶为调整剂,NaOL和Tween-80为组合捕收剂,在矿浆pH值为8~12的碱性条件下对菱镁矿和白云石分别进行了浮选试验,考察了组合捕收剂配比、组合捕收剂用量、矿浆pH值、瓜尔胶用量对菱镁矿和白云石浮选回收率的影响。浮选试验发现,与NaOL体系中加入20mg/L瓜尔胶相比,组合捕收剂体系(Tween-80用量为NaOL用量的2.5%)和20mg/L瓜尔胶的药剂制度效果更好,使用后菱镁矿回收率从55.5%提高到了87%,白云石回收率从29%升高到30.5%,使矿石回收率上升,二者之间的浮游差变大。在该条件下进行了菱镁矿与白云石比例为9∶1的人工混合矿浮选试验,发现瓜尔胶可以选择性抑制白云石,实现菱镁矿与脉石矿物白云石的有效分离。接触角测试结果表明,在组合捕收剂体系下,瓜尔胶可以降低白云石表面的疏水性。结合动电位、红外光谱和XPS分析,在T=10℃的条件下加入Tween-80后,动电位降低,红外光谱无新吸收峰,菱镁矿和白云石元素结合能均未发生明显变化,且矿物表面C元素含量增加,得出Tween-80通过促进NaOL溶解和分散,加强了NaOL的吸附从而提高回收率;加入瓜尔胶后,相较于菱镁矿,白云石电位明显负移,红外光谱中出现瓜尔胶特征峰,N、P元素显著增多,且Ca结合能变化大于Mg结合能变化,由此得出瓜尔胶对Ca位点吸附能力大于对Mg位点的吸附能力,故可以选择性吸附在白云石表面,使NaOL与白云石结合变少,疏水性降低导致下沉,从而实现T=10℃下菱镁矿和白云石的浮选分离。Flotation experiments on magnesite and dolomite under alkaline conditions with pulp pH ranging from 8to 12was conducted,using guar gum as the adjusting agent and NaOL and Tween-80as the combined collectors at T=10℃.The effects of the ratio of the combined collectors,the amount of the combined collectors,the pH value of the pulp,and the amount of guar gum on the flotation recovery of magnesite and dolomite were investigated.The flotation test found that compared with the addition of 20mg/L guar gum to the NaOL system,the combination collector system(Tween-80dosage is 2.5%of NaOL dosage)and 20mg/L guar gum had better effect.After use,the recovery of magnesite increased from 55.5%to 87%,and the recovery of dolomite increased from 29%to 30.5%,resulting in an increase in ore recovery and a larger difference in planktonic activity between the two.Under these conditions,an artificial mixed ore flotation experiment with a ratio of 9∶1 between magnesite and dolomite was conducted,and it was found that guar gum can selectively inhibit dolomite,achieving effective separation of magnesite and gangue mineral dolomite.The contact angle test results indicated that under the combined collector system,guar gum can reduce the surface hydrophobicity of dolomite.Combining dynamic potential,infrared spectroscopy,and XPS analysis,it was found that the addition of Tween-80at T=10℃resulted in a decrease in dynamic potential,no new absorption peaks in infrared spectroscopy,no significant changes in the binding energies of magnesite and dolomite elements,and an increase in the content of C element on the mineral surface.It was found that Tween-80enhanced the adsorption of NaOL by promoting its dissolution and dispersion,thereby improving the recovery.After adding guar gum,compared to magnesite,the potential of dolomite shifts significantly negatively,and guar gum characteristic peaks appeared in the infrared spectrum.N and P elements significantly increased,and the change in Ca binding energy was greater than that of Mg binding ener

关 键 词：低温 组合药剂 菱镁矿 白云石 浮选 

分 类 号：TD923.1[矿业工程—选矿]