新材料在大型铝电解槽节能降碳技术中的应用与展望  

Application and Prospect of New Materials in Energy Saving-Carbon Reducing Technology of Large Aluminum Electrolysis Cell

作　　者：马军义 李昌林 侯光辉 李冬生 曹永峰 MA Junyi;LI Changlin;HOU Guanghui;LI Dongsheng;CAO Yongfeng(Zhengzhou Non-ferrous Metals Research Institute Co.Ltd of CHALCO,Zhengzhou 450041,China)

机构地区：[1]中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司,河南郑州450041

出　　处：《绿色矿冶》2024年第2期41-45,72,共6页Sustainable Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：新材料的应用对电解铝生产的节能降碳及提质增效具有至关重要的意义,本文重点介绍近年来金属材料、涂覆材料、陶瓷材料、炭素材料、耐火材料等新材料在大型铝电解槽节能降碳技术中的应用概况。金属材料在电解槽中的应用主要有低阻阳极钢爪、高导阴极钢棒、超强耐磨打壳锤头等,涂覆材料的应用主要有槽盖板热反射保温涂料、阳极与钢爪抗氧化涂料等,陶瓷材料主要应用有TiB_(2)陶瓷阴极以及陶瓷基惰性阳极等;炭素材料主要应用有石墨质或石墨化阴极碳块等;耐火材料方面则主要有新型防渗保温料、新型碳化硅/碳复合材料等。国内各电解铝生产企业在不断优化生产操作工艺的同时,越来越重视新材料在节能增效技术中的应用。同时指出,目前新型材料的应用仍需系统性研究。The application of new materials is of great significance to the energy saving,carbon reduction and quality improvement of electrolytic aluminum production.This paper focused on the application of new materials such as metal materials,coating materials,ceramic materials,carbon materials and refractory materials in the energy saving and carbon reduction technology of large aluminum reduction cells in recent years.The application of metal materials in the electrolytic cell mainly includes low resistance anode steel claw,high conductivity cathode steel rod,super wear-resistant shell hammer,etc.The application of coating materials mainly includes heat reflection insulation coating of the tank cover plate,anode and steel claw oxidation resistance coating,etc.The application of ceramic materials mainly includes ceramic-based cathodes and ceramic-based inert anodes.Carbon materials are mainly used in graphite or graphitized cathode carbon blocks;in terms of refractory materials,there are mainly new anti-seepage and thermal insulation materials,new silicon carbide/carbon composites and so on.While continuously optimizing the production and operation process,domestic electrolytic aluminum production enterprises pay more and more attention to the application of new materials in energy-saving and efficiency-increasing technology.At the same time,it is pointed out that the application of new materials still needs systematic research.

关 键 词：钢爪 保温涂料 惰性阳极 阴极碳块 陶瓷材料 涂覆材料 耐火材料 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]