结构化理论视域下腐败现象的形成机理  

On the Formation Mechanism of Corruption from the Perspective of the Theory of Structuration

作　　者：杨森林 任恒 YANG Senlin;REN Heng

机构地区：[1]吉林大学行政学院,吉林长春130012 [2]深圳大学马克思主义学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2024年第3期96-104,共9页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

基　　金：广东省教育科学规划课题(高等教育专项)“粤港澳大湾区高校智库赋能中国式现代化的机制创新与效能提升研究”(2023GXJK131);深圳大学人文社科振兴计划2023年度项目“创新驱动视域下中国特色新型智库的管理体制与运行机制研究”。

摘　　要：立足我国廉政建设与腐败治理力度不断增强的时代背景,借助结构化理论以尝试超越个人与社会、主体与客体或行动与结构的二元对立模式,建构容纳个体行动、时空互动和社会结构的分析框架,剖析腐败现象形成的主体性、客体性以及结构性因素,揭示腐败现象的形成机理。研究表明腐败者的个体短视行为是产生腐败的主体性因素,短视行为使其无法正确认识道德距离,进而忽视腐败的实际后果从而导致意外后果,同时腐败情境会促使个体产生腐败动机,这一动机又反过来激发个体的短视行为,腐败动机与短视行为相互影响相互作用。时间和空间作为客体性因素,对腐败者日常行为和互动产生影响,其在腐败行为中构成个体行动与互动的例行化和区域化,对腐败有影响和催化作用,同时影响个体的分层模式。例行化为腐败行为提供参照和传播方式,区域化为腐败者提供表演空间和分区途径。资源的稀缺以及权力对资源的支配能力,加上规则的异化是腐败现象的结构性因素,资源稀缺催生行动者产生短视行为,规则异化为腐败互动提供例行化参考。结构性因素既是腐败行为的诱因,也成为腐败行为的结果。个体性因素、客体性因素与结构性因素三者相互作用、相互影响,使腐败形成循环反复的生产与再生产,进而使得腐败现象难以彻底消亡。Based on the era background of China's increasing efforts in anti-corruption construction and corruption governance,with the help of structured theory,we attempt to transcend the binary opposition model between individuals and society,subjects and objects,or actions and structures,construct an analytical framework that accommodates individual actions,spatiotemporal interactions,and social structures,analyze the subjectivity,objectivity,and structural factors that contribute to the formation of corruption,and reveal the mechanism of its formation.Research has shown that the short-sighted behavior of corrupt individuals is a subjective factor that leads to corruption.Shortsighted behavior makes it difficult for them to correctly understand moral distance,thereby neglecting the actual consequences of corruption and leading to unexpected consequences.Time and space,as objective factors,constitute the regularization and regionalization of individual actions and interactions in corrupt behavior,which have an impact and catalytic effect on corruption,and also affect individual hierarchical patterns.Regularization provides a reference and means of dissemination for corrupt behavior,while regionalization provides performance space and zoning channels for corrupt individuals.The scarcity of resources and the ability of power to control resources,coupled with the alienation of rules,are structural factors of corruption.Resource scarcity leads to shortsighted behavior among actors,and the alienation of rules provides routine reference for corrupt interactions.

关 键 词：腐败 结构化理论 结构二重性 规则异化 策略行为 

分 类 号：D630.9[政治法律—政治学]