Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia  

作　　者：Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an DUO James L.D.SMITH Tianming WANG 

机构地区：[1]Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity,College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,China [2]Department of Fisheries,Wildlife and Conservation Biology,University of Minnesota,St.Paul,Minnesota,USA [3]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering,College of Life Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,China [4]National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard,Beijing,China

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2024年第2期183-199,共17页整合动物学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971539);the National Science and Technology Basic Resources Survey Program of China(2019FY101700 and 2021FY100702);the Research Project of Tianjin Normal University(52XB2010).

摘　　要：Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore declines.Although studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(P.pardus)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference competition.We gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and leopards.Elevation and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence mechanisms.Tigers and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial niche.In addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich regions.We determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation structures.Meanwhile,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference competition.Our study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad scale.Policy-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关 键 词：CARNIVORES coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]