利用孢子紫外诱变选育秀珍菇新菌株  

Selection of New Pleurotus pulmonariu Strains by Spore Ultraviolet Mutagenesis

作　　者：闫静[1] 王伟科[1] 陆娜[1] 宋吉玲[1] 周祖法[1] YAN Jing;WANG Weike;LU Na;SONG Jiling;ZHOU Zufa(Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2024年第2期38-45,共8页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-20);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02073);杭州市农业科技创新与示范推广基金(2022HNCT-03)。

摘　　要：为缓解高温胁迫对南方地区秀珍菇夏季设施栽培的影响,开展秀珍菇耐高温新品种选育工作,以台秀5766为亲本,采用孢子紫外线诱变、多孢自交、高温筛选、系统选育等组合育种方法选育获得秀珍菇耐高温新菌株。经拮抗试验、分子遗传鉴定和出菇筛选获得耐高温菌株P71。经rDNA ITS测序,其序列长度为693 bp,在GeneBank中经BLAST比对确定其为侧耳属秀珍菇(Pleurotus pulmonarius)。该菌株菌丝在35℃条件下培养,显微镜观察未发现菌丝收缩、变形、受损情况,且菌丝洁白、生长势较强,15 d内能缓慢生长。在35~38℃高温条件下出菇,P71菌株前2潮菇产量和单菇质量均显著优于亲本台秀5766。由此可见,新菌株P71与亲本台秀5766相比,菌丝生长阶段和出菇阶段均具有耐高温的特点,值得进一步在南方地区进行秀珍菇夏季设施栽培的试验、示范和推广应用,从而突破秀珍菇耐高温品种短缺造成的产业发展瓶颈。In order to alleviate the effects of high temperature stress on the summer cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius in the southern region,new high temperature resistant varieties of P.pulmonarius was selected and breed.A new strain of high temperature-resistant P.pulmonarius was selected by spore ultraviolet mutagenesis,multi-spore self-crossing,high-temperature screening and systematic selection using Taixiu 5766 as the parental specie.And after antagonism test,molecular genetic characterization and mushroom screening,finally obtained the high temperature resistant strain P71,which has a length of 693 bp by rDNA ITS sequencing.The sequence was compared with BLAST on GeneBank,and the strain P71 belongs to the genus P.pulmonarius in the classification.The mycelium of this strain was cultured at 35℃and observed microscopically,and no mycelium shrinkage,deformation or damage was found,and the mycelium showed white color,strong growth potential,and could grow slowly within 15 days.Under the condition of high temperature mushrooming at 35-38℃,the yield and single mushroom weight of the first two flushes of strain P71 were significantly better than that of the parental Taixiu 5766.It can be seen that the new strain P71 is characterized by high temperature resistance in both mycelial growth stage and mushroom emergence stage compared with the parental Taixiu 5766.And it is worthy of further testing,demonstration and popularization,so as to break through the bottleneck of industrial development due to the shortage of high temperature resistant varieties of P.pulmonarius.

关 键 词：秀珍菇 紫外诱变 耐高温菌株 品种选育 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]