话语标记“可以了”的语用功能及其形成——兼论话语标记“可以了”与“好了”“行了”的语用差异  

The pragmatic function of discourse marker keyile(可以了)and its formation:On the pragmatic differences among discourse markers keyile(可以了),haole(好了)and xingle(行了)

作　　者：梁凱 LIANG Kai(Party School of Sichuan Provincial Committee of C.P.C for Provincial Authorities,Chengdu,Sichuang 610017,China)

机构地区：[1]中共四川省委省直机关党校,四川成都610017

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2024年第2期82-88,共7页TCSOL Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“互动语言学视域下的汉语隐性否定应答构式研究”(23XYY011)。

摘　　要：文章主要对表制止的话语标记“可以了”的语用功能、形成过程及其动因与机制进行考察。考察发现,话语标记“可以了”具有话语组织、制止受话人和礼貌委婉功能。“可以了”由助动词“可以”和语气词“了”作肯定性应答语的用法发展而来,在语用推理、类推机制和语境影响下逐渐规约化为一个表制止的话语标记。最后,文章对“可以了”与相关话语标记“好了”“行了”进行比较分析,发现它们在话语否定指向、主观情态、礼貌程度以及是否具有开启话题功能等方面存在差异。This paper studies the discourse function,formation process and motivations of the discourse marker keyile(可以了).The study finds that discourse marker keyile has the functions of discourse organization,prevention and politeness.Keyile is developed from the use of the auxiliary verb keyi(可以)and the modal word le(了)as a positive response,and under the influence of pragmatic inference,analogy and context,it is gradually reduced to a discourse marker that indicates negation and prevention.Finally,the paper makes a comparative analysis of keyile and relevant discourse markers haole(好了)and xingle(行了),and finds that they are different in many aspects,such as negative direction,subjective modality,degree of politeness and whether they have the function of introducing a topic.

关 键 词：话语标记 “可以了” “好了” “行了” 制止 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学] H195.3