世界文化遗产地游客遗产认同的量表开发与实证检验  

Development and empirical test of the scale of visitors' heritage identification in World Cultural Heritage Sites

作　　者：何银春 陈果 王金伟 曾斌丹 HE Yinchun;CHEN Guo;WANG Jinwei;ZENG Bindan(College of Tourism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;The Research Base of Chinese Nation Community Consciousness,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;School of Tourism Sciences,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学旅游学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地,湖南长沙410081 [3]北京第二外国语学院旅游科学学院,北京100024 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《旅游科学》2024年第4期80-98,共19页Tourism Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“长征红色文化遗产与中小学生中华民族共同体意识培育研究”(22BMZ089)。

摘　　要：遗产认同是深入发展文化遗产相关理论,充分发挥文化遗产旅游在当代的价值功能的重要话题,但当前遗产认同的量表开发与检验的相关研究还存在一些不足。鉴于此,文章选择用户生成内容(UGC)与半结构访谈收集数据,通过扎根理论三级编码,从客体表征和主体建构两个方面归纳出世界文化遗产地游客遗产认同的7个维度:自我认同、地方认同、国家认同、文化认同、遗产认知、情感体验与行为实践。在此基础上,借鉴已有量表与扎根分析资料,遵循严格的量表开发流程,文章开发了包含26个题项的游客遗产认同量表,并通过探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析与信效度检验论证了量表的科学性和有效性。文章丰富了遗产认同相关研究,为后续其他群体遗产认同的量表开发奠定了基础,也为充分发挥旅游促进文化遗产保护与利用、增强群体文化自信自强提供了指导。The measurement research of heritage identity is an important topic for deepening the development of cultural heritage related theories and fully leveraging the contemporary value function of cultural heritage tourism.However,there are still some shortcomings in the current research on the development and testing of heritage identity scales.In view of this,the article selects user generated content(UGC) and semi-structured interviews to collect data,reviews and travel notes from Ctrip,Zhihu Q&A platform and Mafengwo travel website in recent five years,and selects 10 world cultural heritage sites,including the Forbidden City in Beijing,Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace,Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu,Yin Xu,the Old Town of Lijiang,Mount Taishan,Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains,Dazu Rock Carvings,Ancient City of Ping Yao and Longmen Grottoes.At the same time,in order to avoid the omission of important comments,A total of three collections were conducted before and after,resulting in a total of 435 valid comments and 36 travel notes totaling over 170000 words.Through the three-level coding of Grounded theory,from the two aspects of the object representation and the construction of the subject,seven dimensions of tourist heritage identity of world cultural heritage sites are summarized:self identity,local identity,national identity,Cultural identity,heritage cognition,emotional experience and behavioral practice.On this basis,drawing on existing scales and grounded analysis data,following a strict scale development process,a quantitative measurement scale for tourist heritage identity was developed with 26 items.Through two rounds of questionnaire data collection,a total of 340 questionnaire samples were collected.After excluding invalid questionnaires with highly consistent options,a total of 618 valid questionnaires were obtained.The scientific and effective nature of the scale was demonstrated through exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis

关 键 词：世界文化遗产 遗产旅游 情感体验 遗产认同 量表开发 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]