热水浴法解除蚕卵滞育的条件优化及应用效果分析  

Optimization of conditions and application effect analysis for prevention of diapause in silkworm eggs by hot water treatment

作　　者：孙溱博 廖森泰[1] 杨琼[1] 刘吉平[2] 肖阳[1] 李庆荣[1] 邢东旭[1] SUN Zhen-bo;LIAO Sen-tai;YANG Qiong;LIU Ji-ping;XIAO Yang;LI Qing-rong;XING Dong-xu(Sericulture and Agri-food Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510610,China;College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,广东广州510610 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第1期280-289,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31702189);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB23026056);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515010595);广东省农业科技创新及推广体系建设项目(2021KJ124)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过Box-Behnken响应面优化热水浴法解除蚕卵滞育的处理条件,并测试以不同来源水处理蚕种的孵化效果,为热水浴法在蚕业生产中的推广应用提供科学依据,探索出可替代传统盐酸孵化法且更安全环保、成本低廉的蚕种人工孵化方法。【方法】选用两广二号为供试蚕种,以卵龄(A)、处理时间(B)和处理温度(C)为变量,以蚕卵实用孵化率(Y)为响应值,通过Box-Behnken响应面优化热水浴法解除蚕卵滞育的处理条件;选择自来水、纯净水及矿泉水等不同来源的水,并选取萨尼斯、932、湘晖和春5等4个蚕种品种,分别采用优化后的条件对蚕卵进行热水浴处理,检验热水浴法解除蚕卵滞育的效果。【结果】蚕卵实用孵化率对3个变量因素的二项式拟合方程为:Y=91.03-2.01A-4.60B+22.89C+0.040AB+4.03AC+0.89BC-10.46A~2+3.25B~2-19.60C~2,响应面设计模型拟合程度较好。各因素对蚕卵实用孵化率的影响排序为处理温度(C)>处理时间(B)>卵龄(A),其中,处理温度影响极显著(P<0.01),处理时间影响显著(P<0.05,下同),卵龄影响不显著(P>0.05,下同);两因素间交互作用对蚕卵实用孵化率的影响排序为AC>BC>AB。修正后的热水浴法最佳处理条件:卵龄17.5 h,处理时间13 s,处理温度50℃,此条件下的实际蚕卵实用孵化率为97.94%,与理论预测值(98.81%)接近。不同来源水对两广二号正、反交种进行热水浴处理后的实用孵化率均在95.00%以上,仅阳山自来水和纯净水1在热水浴处理两广二号正交种时的实用孵化率显著低于盐酸即时浸酸法,但其实用孵化率仍高于93.00%;萨尼斯、932、湘晖、春5等4个家蚕品种的热水浴实用孵化率与盐酸即时浸酸法相比均无显著差异,表明热水浴法具有较强的普适性。【结论】热水浴法能有效解除蚕卵滞育,具有较强的普适性,且成本低廉、操作简单,可作为蚕业生产上替代传统盐酸孵化法的新方法。【Objective】The Box-Behnken response surface was used to optimize the treatment conditions of the hot water bath method for relieving silkworm egg diapause,and to test the hatching effect of silkworm eggs treated with wa-ter from different sources,so as to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of the hot water bath method in sericul-ture production,and to explore a safer,environmentally friendly and cost-effective method of artificial hatching for silk-worm eggs,which could be used instead of the traditional hydrochloric acid hatching method.【Method】The treatment conditions of relieving silkworm egg diapause by hot water bath were optimized by Box-Behnken response using Liang-guang No.2 as the test species,with egg age(A),treatment time(B)and treatment temperature(C)as the variables,and practical hatching rate(Y)as the response value;different sources of water such as tap water,pure water and mineral wa-ter were selected and four silkworm varieties such as Sanisi,932,Xianghui and Chun 5 were selected to test the effect of hot water bath method in relieving diapause by applying optimized conditions to silkworm eggs in hot water bath treat-ment respectively.【Result】The binomial fitting equation of silkworm egg practical hatching rate to the three variable factors was Y=91.03-2.01A-4.60B+22.89C+0.040AB+4.03AC+0.89BC-10.46A2+3.25B2-19.60C2,which was a good fit for the response surface design model.The effect of each factor on the practical hatching rate of eggs was ranked as treat-ment temperature(C)>treatment time(B)>egg age(A),in which the effects of treatment temperature were extremely significant(P<0.01),the effects of treatment time were significant(P<0.05,the same below),and the effects of egg age were insignificant(P>0.05,the same below);and the effects of the interaction between the two factors on practical hat-ching rate of silkworm eggs were ranked as AC>BC>AB.The optimum treatment conditions of the modified hot water bath method were:egg age 17.5 h,treatment time 13 s,and treatment temper

关 键 词：热水浴法 二化性家蚕品种 蚕卵 解除滞育 人工孵化 响应面优化 

分 类 号：S882.35[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]