“俄罗斯诗学欧美化”——北境时期布罗茨基的诗学演进与经典化历程  

“Anglicization of Russian Poetics”:The Evolution and Canonization of Joseph Brodsky’s Poetics in the“Northern Period”

作　　者：张驰 Zhang Chi(School of International Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2024年第2期165-176,共12页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助重点项目“俄罗斯古代诗歌发展史”(21FWWA002);“国家资助博士后研究人员计划”(GZC20232340)。

摘　　要：1964—1965年间,布罗茨基北境乡村的流放经历以及随之发生的诗学变法,是影响其一生艺术创作与精神世界的关键转型,其中最为核心的嬗变机制是“俄罗斯诗学欧美化”尝试。在流放地的异质文化空间内,布罗茨基通过对欧美抒情诗资源的嫁接,处理了本国文学传统和异国诗学资源之间的复杂关系,打破了俄罗斯诗歌在文化上和形式上经典完善的自洽体系,使其具有全新的音乐性、隐喻性和智慧性。借由在“彼得堡文本”符码系统中融入的盛期现代主义和客体化诗学,诗人改变了民族语言的当代表现形式,拓宽了俄罗斯诗歌的心理和思维界线,这一诗歌经典化理路让布罗茨基逐渐完成了从地方性诗人逐渐到世界级诗人的蜕变。表面上看,这次诗学转型是布罗茨基个人创作论与文体学意义上的变构,实质上是俄罗斯诗歌内在生长机制的一次自我更新。During the period from 1964 to 1965,Brodsky’s exile experience in the northern countryside and the subsequent poetics transformation were key transitions that influenced his artistic creation and spiritual world throughout his life.The core mechanism of transformation is the“Anglicization of Russian poetics”.Through the grafting of European and American lyric poetry resources,Brodsky disrupted the culturally and formally classic self-contained system of Russian poetry,endowing it with a fresh musicality,metaphorical depth,and intellectual sophistication.By means of the integration of high-modernism and objectivist poetics into the“Petersburg Text”code system,the poet changed the contemporary expression of the national language,expanding the psychological and ideological boundaries of Russian poetry,This process of canonization of poetry enabled Brodsky to gradually evolve from a regional poet to a world-class poet.While superficially a transformation in Brodsky’s personal creative theory and stylistic significance,this poetic transformation fundamentally represents a self-renewal of the intrinsic growth mechanism within Russian poetry.

关 键 词：布罗茨基 北境时期 诗学转型 经典化 俄裔美国文学 

分 类 号：I712.072[文学—其他各国文学]