民国徽州宗族礼仪观的革新——以徽州家谱族规家训为中心  

The Renovation of Huizhou Clan Etiquette in the Republic of China--Focusing on Huizhou family genealogy rules and family training

作　　者：汪锋华 WANG Fenghua(School of Marxism,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin,300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学马克思主义学院,天津300457

出　　处：《安庆师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期87-93,共7页Journal of Anqing Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“传统徽州宗族管理文化与现代乡村社会治理研究”(15BSH050);安徽省社会科学界联合会项目“江南文化安徽特征及其传承发展”。

摘　　要：晚清以降,在经济、政治、文化,以及宗族自身等诸多因素的共同作用下,徽州基层社会逐渐呈现出崭新的近代化文化景观。时至民国,徽州宗族对以冠(笄)、婚、丧、祭为主要内容的礼仪观念进行了一定程度的革新。主要表现为:徽州宗族对冠(笄)礼的重视程度有明显削弱;对婚礼则提倡从简,并在沿袭传统习俗的基础上进行了调整和转变;对丧礼主张遵从《文公家礼》与名儒古训,提倡节俭,反对铺张行为,保护祖墓坟茔,反对传统陋习;对祭礼则依然非常重视,不仅强调严修祭事,遵守祭祀时节、规则等,还强化了祀产的管理力度。宗族礼仪观的改变,反映了裂变时代中徽州宗族文化的变迁实态,以及衰落时期的宗族社会文化心理特征。Since the late Qing Dynasty,under the combined effects of economic factors,political factors,cultural factors,social factors,as well as the factors of the clans,Huizhou grassroots society presented a modern cultural landscape.Based on the traditional concept,the Huizhou clans in the Republic of China reformed the etiquette concept with crown,marriage,funeral and sacrifice as the main content.The clan did not attach importance to the crowning ceremony,and advocated simple weddings and made adjustments and changes on the basis of following traditional customs.For funerals,the clan advocated following the Wen Gong Jia Li and the ancient teachings of the famous Confucians,advocating thrift,opposing extravagance,protecting the tombs of the ancestors,and opposing traditional customs.However,they attached great importance to the ritual.Through the detailed interpretation of clan etiquette in the Republic of China,to a certain extent,we can get a glimpse of the cultural changes of Huizhou clan,which is a feudal patriarchal organization,in the transition from old to new society.

关 键 词：民国 徽州宗族 礼仪观念 族规家训 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]