不同质地土壤施用控释氮肥对小白菜生长发育的影响  

Controlled-release Nitrogen Fertilizer Applied to Different Textured Soils on the Growth and Development of Pak-choi

作　　者：王其选 于金晖 王巍翰 孙玲丽 WANG Qi-xuan;YU Jin-hui;WANG Wei-han;SUN Ling-li(Zhongde FertilizerCo.,Ltd.,Yantai Shandong,264002,China)

机构地区：[1]众德肥料[烟台]有限公司,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期210-217,共8页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(编号:2017YFD0200706);国家自然科学基金(编号:42277356)。

摘　　要：为了探究控释氮肥在不同质地土壤中的安全施用量,以“上海青”小白菜为供试作物,研究在砂土、壤土、粘壤土3种质地土壤上施用不同量控释氮肥对小白菜生长性状、产量的影响。试验设置氮肥空白CK(不施氮肥);普通氮肥处理F1(普通氮肥0.1 g/kg土)、F2(普通氮肥0.2 g/kg土)、F3(普通氮肥0.4 g/kg土)、F4(普通氮肥0.8 g/kg土);控释氮肥CF1(控释氮肥0.4 g/kg土)、CF2(控释氮肥0.8/kg土)、CF3(控释氮肥1.6 g/kg土)等8个施肥处理。结果表明,与同等施氮量的常规氮肥相比,控释氮肥处理的小白菜发芽成活率大幅度提高。控释氮肥处理下小白菜鲜、干重显著提高,粘壤土下0.8 g/kg的控释氮肥更有利于小白菜生物量的提高和干物质的积累。壤土和砂土下0.4g/kg的控释氮肥更有利于小白菜生物量的提高和干物质的积累。SPAD值、硝态氮含量、植株全氮含量均表现出控释氮肥优于普通氮肥的规律,且在粘壤土和砂土中表现更为明显。总之,较高施肥量下控释氮肥相对不易烧苗,相同适量的施氮量下,控释氮肥更有利于小白菜的生长发育和生物量的积累,具有更高的安全性、经济性和生态性。In order to investigate the safe application rate of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer in different textured soils,we used Pak-choi as the test crop,and studied the effects of applying different amounts of controlled release urea on the growth traits and yield of Pak-choi on three textured soils:sandy,loamy,and clay loam.The experiment was set up with nitrogen fertilizer blank CK(no nitrogen fertilizer);ordinary nitrogen fertilizer treatments F1(ordinary nitrogen fertilizer 0.1 g/kg soil),F2(ordinary nitrogen fertilizer 0.2 g/kg soil),F3(ordinary nitrogen fertilizer 0.4 g/kg soil),F4(ordinary nitrogen fertilizer 0.8 g/kg soil);controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers CF1(controlled release nitrogen fertilizers 0.4 g/kg soil),CF2(controlled release nitrogen fertilizers 0.8/kg soil),CF3(controlled release nitrogen fertilizer 1.6 g/kg soil)and other 8 treatments.The results showed that the germination survival rate of Chinese cabbage treated with controlled release nitrogen fertilizer was significantly higher than that treated with the same amount of conventional nitrogen fertilizer.The fresh weight and dry weight of plants under controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer treatment was significantly increased,and 0.8 g/kg of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer under clay loam soil was more conducive to the increase in biomass and dry matter accumulation of Pak-choi.Under loamy and sandy soil,0.4 g/kg of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer was more conducive to the increase in biomass and dry matter accumulation of Pak-choi.SPAD value,nitrate nitrogen content,and plant total nitrogen content showed that controlled release nitrogen fertilizer was better than common nitrogen fertilizer,especially in clay soil and sandy soil.In conclusion,the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is not easy to burn seedlings under higher fertilization rate,and under the same appropriate amount of nitrogen application,the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer is more conducive to the growth and development of Pak-choi and the ac

关 键 词：控释氮肥 土壤质地 小白菜 施肥量 

分 类 号：S636.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]