自走式果园割草机切割器的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of a Self-propelled Orchard Grass Mowing Machine with Cutting Mechanism

作　　者：邢刚 王玲[3] 刘乐 王术波 XING Gang;WANG Ling;LIU Le;WANG Shu-bo(School of automation/Qingdao University,Qingdao 266000,China;Institute of Intelligent Unmanned System/Qingdao University,Qingdao 266000,China;College of Engineering/China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Fruit Industry Service Center,Pinggu District Agriculture Bureau,Beijing 101200,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学自动化学院,山东青岛266000 [2]青岛大学智能无人系统研究院,山东青岛266000 [3]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [4]北京市平谷区果品产业服务中心,北京101200

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期244-253,共10页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32372592);CCF智能汽车分会-百度Apollo产学研共同发展项目资助。

摘　　要：山地丘陵果园障碍物密集、地形复杂,一般的切割器无法实现高效除草作业。本文结合传统果园行距、株距较小等特性,实地调研青岛山地丘陵地带果园地势起伏情况、杂草类型等,设计符合山地作业需求的自走式果园割草机切割器。通过对刀盘进行模态分析以及运动学仿真,验证其结构合理性以及作业可靠性,并在青岛果园对切割器割草性能进行实地试验验证。结果显示实地作业的平均割茬高度为24.15 mm,割幅利用系数为98.96%,漏割损失率为1.54%。试验证明所设计的切割器能提高山地丘陵地形果园除草管理效率,降低除草劳动强度,满足果园除草的作业要求,对助力推动林果生产机械化的进一步提高具有重要意义。In mountainous and hilly orchards,obstacles are dense and terrain is complex,conventional cutting devices fail to achieve efficient weed control.Our study integrates characteristics such as traditional orchard row spacing and small plant distances.Through on-site investigations in the mountainous and hilly areas of Qingdao,considering the undulating topography and diverse weed types,we designed a self-propelled orchard grass mowing machine cutting mechanism tailored to the demands of mountainous operations.Modal analysis of the cutting disc and kinematic simulation is conducted to verify its structural rationality and operational reliability.Field trials in Qingdao are performed to validate the mowing performance of the cutting mechanism.The results indicate that the average cutting height during field operations is 24.15 mm,with a cutting swath utilization coefficient of 98.96%and a cutting loss rate of 1.54%.The experiments demonstrate that the designed cutting mechanism can enhance weed control efficiency in mountainous and hilly orchards,reduce labor intensity,and meet the operational requirements for orchard weed control.This design holds significant importance in further advancing the mechanization of fruit and timber production,contributing to increased efficiency in orchard management.

关 键 词：切割器 果园割草机 模态分析 运动学仿真 田间割草试验 

分 类 号：TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]