废塑料热解油分析评价及加工特性  

Analysis, Evaluation and Processing Characteristics of Waste Plastic Pyrolysis Oil

作　　者：章群丹 ZHANG Qundan(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第3期753-762,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1906305)基金资助。

摘　　要：为了解决废塑料化学循环中不同类型废塑料热解油的高价值加工利用这一问题,以分别由废弃农膜、生活垃圾废塑料、造纸厂废塑料为原料制备的3种典型废塑料热解油为研究对象,对其全馏分常规油品的理化性质、元素组成、杂质形态进行分析,并将3种热解油进行实沸点蒸馏切割为汽油、柴油和蜡油馏分,详细表征了各馏分的分子组成。结果表明:3种废塑料热解油汽油馏分和柴油馏分占60%~80%,均含有大量烯烃;废弃农膜热解油的硅、氯等杂质少,环烷烃和芳烃含量低,是优质的蒸汽裂解原料;与胜利混合原油相比,生活垃圾废塑料热解油和造纸厂废塑料热解油具有氧、硅、氯含量高和硫、氮含量低的特点,硅、氯以有机物形式存在,主要集中在汽油馏分中。基于组成特点,生活垃圾废塑料热解油的汽油馏分可作为重整原料,3种热解油蜡油均可作为催化裂化原料,但是造纸厂废塑料热解油中氧含量高,加工性能较差。To achieve high-value processing and utilization of different types of waste plastic pyrolysis oils in the chemical recycling of waste plastics,this study focuses on three typical waste plastic pyrolysis oils prepared from raw materials such as waste agricultural film,municipal waste plastics,and paper mill waste plastics,from which the conventional whole fraction oil has been analyzed in terms of physicochemical properties,element composition,and impurity types.Moreover,the pyrolysis oils were cut into gasoline,diesel and vacuum gas oil fractions by true boiling point distillation,and the molecular composition of each fraction was characterized in details.The results show that the gasoline and diesel fractions of the three waste plastic pyrolysis oils,which contain large amounts of olefins,account for 60%to 80%.Pyrolysis oil from waste agricultural films is a premium raw material for steam cracking since it contains few impurities like silicon and chlorine and a small amount of cycloalkanes and aromatics.In contrast to Shengli mixed crude oil,the waste plastic pyrolysis oils from municipal waste and paper mills have a higher concentration of oxygen,silicon,and chlorine and a lower concentration of sulfur and nitrogen.Silicon and chlorine are present in the form of organic matter and mainly exist in gasoline fractions.According to the composition characteristics,the gasoline fraction of pyrolysis oils from municipal waste can be used as reforming feedstock,and the vacuum gas oil of three pyrolysis oils can be utilized as catalytic cracking feedstock.Due to the high oxygen content,the waste plastics pyrolysis oils from paper mills have poor processing performance.

关 键 词：废塑料 废弃农膜 热解油 实沸点蒸馏 汽油 柴油 重整原料 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]