2CP-1型玉米小区播种机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of 2CP-1 corn plot seeder

作　　者：高光明 董晓 蒋博 周慧 宁新杰 GAO Guangming;DONG Xiao;JIANG Bo;ZHOU Hui;NING Xinjie(Zibo Institute of Agricultural Machinery Research,Zibo 255086,China)

机构地区：[1]淄博市农业机械研究所,山东淄博255086

出　　处：《山东理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期71-78,共8页Journal of Shandong University of Technology:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：针对众多中小型育种单位育种条件和需求,设计研发了一种可以实现精密播种和快速清仓换种功能的人力式2CP-1型玉米小区播种机并进行了试验。通过建立单粒玉米种子X-Y平面力系图,对影响排种器排种性能各因素的影响大小、影响方式进行了分析,以指导排种器主要设计参数的取值;采用排种器外壳体绕排种轮在90°范围内往复旋转的方式实现快速清仓;通过传动尺寸链控制播种株距,可方便实现对不同需求株距进行扩展。试验结果表明,设计的2CP-1型玉米小区播种机作业稳定可靠,粒距合格指数(扁平窝眼型腔排种轮)达到95.7%,播种深度合格率达到93.3%,平均清仓换种时间16.6 s,满足设计要求。Aiming at the breeding conditions and needs of many small and medium-sized breeding units,a manual 2CP-1 corn plot seeder was designed and developed,which can realize the functions of precision seeding and quick seed clearing and seed replacement,and experiments were conducted.By establishing the X-Y plane force system diagram of a single grain of corn seed,the influence magnitude and way of various factors affecting the seeding performance of the seed-metering device were analyzed,in order to guide the value of the main design parameters of seed-metering device.The machine adopts the method of reciprocating rotation of the outer shell of the seed-metering device around the seed-metering wheel within the 90°range to achieve quick seed clearing.The sowing plant spacing is controlled through the transmission dimension chain,which facilitates the expansion of plant spacing for different needs.The experiment shows that the designed 2CP-1 corn plot seeder is stable and reliable in operation,with the qualification index of grain spacing of 95.7%,the qualification rate of seeding depth of 93.3%,and the average clearing and seed changing time of 16.6 seconds,meeting the agronomic requirements for the corn plot planting.

关 键 词：玉米 小区播种 排种器 充种时间 快速清仓 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]