木霉微生物菌肥的制备及对玉米茎腐病的应用评价  

Preparation of Trichoderma Microbia-fertilizer and Evaluation of Its Application to Maize Stalk Rot

作　　者：郭宁[1] 孙华[1] 马红霞[1] 石洁[1] 张海剑[1] 刘树森 董跃广 温佳宇 GUO Ning;SUN Hua;MA Hong-xia(Plant Protection Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province/International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province,Baoding,Hebei 071000)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/河北省农业有害生物综合防治技术创新中心/河北省作物有害生物综合防治国际科技联合研究中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第9期121-124,186,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省省级科技计划(20326516D)。

摘　　要：以前期分离鉴定的生防菌株非洲哈茨木霉Tr35为研究对象,通过载体的筛选,制备木霉菌剂和木霉微生物菌肥。通过测定不同含量的木霉菌剂和木霉有机肥的株高、根长和鲜重,筛选促生效果明显的处理,并通过室内盆栽试验,评价其对玉米苗期茎腐病的防效。结果显示,玉米秸秆粉具有吸水性强、对Tr35无毒和高释放率的优点,与Tr35共同发酵制备木霉菌剂,当土与菌剂为5∶1时,促生效果明显,并对玉米苗期茎腐病防效达51.77%。菌剂土与腐熟羊粪为7∶1时的木霉有机肥促生效果最好,以该比例制备木霉微生物菌肥,对玉米苗期茎腐病防效达61.31%,该研究结果为Tr35菌剂和菌肥的应用开发提供了一定的前期基础。In the study,Tichoderma afroharzianum Tr35 obtained in the early stage was selected as the research object.Trichoderma agent and Trichoderma microbial fertilizer were prepared through carrier screening.By measuring the plant height,root length and fresh weight of Trichoderma agent and Trichoderma microbial fertilizer with different contents,the treatments with obvious growth promotion effect were screened,and the control effect of Trichoderma agent and Trichoderma microbial fertilizer on stalk rot of maize seedling was evaluated through indoor pot experiment.The results showed that maize stalk powder had the advantages of strong water absorption,non-toxic to Tr35 and high release rate.and co-fermented with Tr35 to prepare Trichoderma agent,had a significant growth promoting effect when the soil to fertilizer was 5∶1,and achieved 51.77%prevention effect on maize seedling stalk rot.The best growth promotion effect was achieved when the agent soil was 7∶1 with rotted sheep manure,Trichoderma microbial fertilizer was prepared in this proportion and the prevention effect of stalk rot on maize seedling reached 61.31%.The results provided a preliminary basis for the application and development of Tr35 agent and microbial fertilizer.

关 键 词：玉米 非洲哈茨木霉 木霉菌剂 木霉微生物菌肥 玉米茎腐病 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]