醇响应型智能膜的制备及其甲醇检测性能  

Preparation and methanol detection performance of alcohol-responsive smart membranes

作　　者：邓锡彬 谢锐[1] 刘壮[1] 汪伟[1] 巨晓洁[1] 褚良银[1] DENG Xibin;XIE Rui;LIU Zhuang;WANG Wei;JU Xiaojie;CHU Liangyin(School of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,成都610065

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2024年第2期8-18,28,共12页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21622604);四川省杰出青年科技人才项目(2019JDJQ0026)。

摘　　要：采用沉淀聚合法制备了不同亲水性的聚N-正丙基丙烯酰胺(PNN)、聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNI)和聚N-甲基异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNM)微球,通过物理共混和液体诱导相分离(LIPS)结合的方法将它们引入聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜基材,成功制备了可在常温下检测甲醇浓度的醇响应型智能膜.系统探究了微球的温度响应性和醇响应性,以及微球亲水特性对膜微观结构、表面化学成分的影响,并考察了膜在甲醇、乙醇及甲醇-乙醇混合溶液中的响应性能.结果表明,微球亲水性越强,醇响应型智能膜的厚度、孔径和孔隙率也显著增大.添加最亲水PNM微球的智能膜(PVDF/PNM)的膜厚、孔径、孔隙率达到最大值,分别为空白膜的2.4倍、4.7倍和5.9倍.膜的最大渗透率(P_(max))和醇临界响应体积分数受操作温度、醇溶液类型和微球亲水性的影响.PVDF/PNM膜的甲醇和乙醇响应性差异最大,在40℃下的临界甲醇响应体积分数(C_(M))和临界乙醇响应体积分数(C_(E))差值达到6.5%.常温25℃下,随着总醇体积分数为40%的混合溶液中甲醇比例增大,膜渗透率与甲醇体积分数呈现良好的线性关系,可通过渗透率计算得到混合醇溶液中甲醇浓度.上述研究结果为甲醇浓度的便捷检测提供了一种新思路.Poly(N-n-propylacrylamide)(PNN),poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNI)and poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide)(PNM)microspheres with different hydrophilicity were fabricated by precipitation polymerization.The alcohol-responsive membranes for methanol detection at room temperature were successfully prepared by physically blending such microspheres into polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)membrane materials followed by liquid induced phase separation(LIPS).The thermo-responsive and alcohol-responsive characteristics of microspheres,effect of hydrophilic properties of microspheres on the microstructure,surface chemical composition as well as the responsive properties of membranes in methanol,ethanol and methanol-ethanol mixed solutions were systematically investigated.The results show that the thickness,pore size and porosity of alcohol-responsive membranes increased significantly with the increase of hydrophilicity of microspheres.The thickness,pore size and porosity of the PVDF/PNM membranes blended with the most hydrophilic PNM microspheres reached to the maximum,were 2.4 times,4.7 times and 5.9 times of those of the blank membranes,respectively.The maximal permeability(P_(max))and critical alcohol response volume fraction of membranes affected by the operation temperature,types of alcohol aqueous solution and the hydrophilicity of microspheres.The PVDF/PNM membranes show the largest variance in the responsivity of ethanol and methanol,and the difference in the critical methanol response volume fraction(C_(M))and critical ethanol response volume fraction(C_(E))at 40℃reached 6.5%.With the increase of the proportion of methanol in the mixed solution with total volume fraction of 40%at 25℃,the membrane permeability showed a good linear relationship with the methanol volume fraction,and the methanol volume fraction in the mixed solution could be calculated by the permeability.These results provide a new idea for the facile detection of methanol concentration.

关 键 词：醇响应型智能膜 聚偏氟乙烯 甲醇检测 微球 亲水性 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]