医学生生活行为方式对生理亚健康状况影响的结构方程分析  

Analyses of the structural equation model with affecting lifestyle behaviors for the physiological sub-health status of medical students

作　　者：商杰森 程怀志[1] 陈东权 田若童 高凌霄 郭斌[1] SHANG Jie-sen;CHENG Huai-zhi;CHEN Dong-quan;TIAN Ruo-tong;GAO Ling-xiao;GUO Bin(Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第8期1479-1485,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(21EDB073)。

摘　　要：目的 了解生活行为方式对医学生生理亚健康的影响及其路径,为高校开展健康管理和健康教育提供依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取某医科大学3 100名医学生为研究对象,使用一般情况调查表、生活方式因素调查表和亚健康评定量表(SHMS V1.0)进行问卷调查,应用χ^(2)检验、探索性因子分析和结构方程模型进行统计分析和路径构建。结果 医学生亚健康状态总检出率为62.2%;饮酒(χ^(2)=12.245,P<0.001)、活动情况(锻炼频率(χ^(2)=46.115,P<0.001);课间活动频率(χ^(2)=7.179,P=0.028);休闲方式促健康情况(χ^(2)=60.789,P<0.001))、饮食习惯(点外卖频率(χ^(2)=8.912,P=0.012);饮用含糖饮料频率(χ^(2)=23.437,P<0.001);不良饮食习惯(χ^(2)=82.863,P<0.001))、手机电脑使用情况(手机电脑使用时长(χ^(2)=12.350,P=0.002);短视频浏览时长(χ^(2)=9.291,P=0.026))在不同生理健康状态的医学生中的分布差异具有统计学意义;模型显示,活动情况对医学生生理亚健康的直接效应值为0.26(95%CI:0.137~0.366);饮食习惯对医学生生理亚健康的直接效应值为-0.171(95%CI:-0.233~-0.035),间接效应值为-0.04(95%CI:-0.085~-0.015);手机电脑使用情况对医学生生理亚健康的间接效应值为-0.043(95%CI:-0.087~-0.017)。结论 医学生亚健康状况总检出率较高,活动情况是医学生生理亚健康重要的影响因素,并在饮食习惯和手机电脑使用情况对医学生生理亚健康的影响中具有中介作用。Objective To understand the impact and pathways of lifestyle behaviors on physiological sub-health of medical students,and to provide a basis for health management and health education in universities.Methods Under the use of stratified whole cluster random sampling method,3100 medical students from a medical university were selected as the study subjects,general situation questionnaire,lifestyle factor questionnaire and Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0(SHMS V1.0)were used for questionnaire survey.Chi-square test,exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model were used for statistical analysis and path construction.Results The total detection rate of medical students'sub-health status was 62.2%.There were significant differences in the distribution of drinking(χ^(2)=12.245,P<0.001),activity(Frequency of exercise(χ^(2)=46.115,P<0.001);Frequency of activities between classes(χ^(2)=7.179,P=0.028);Leisure promotes health(χ^(2)=60.789,P<0.001)),dietary habits(Frequency of takeout orders(χ^(2)=8.912,P=0.012);Frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages(χ^(2)=23.437,P<0.001);Bad eating habits(χ^(2)=82.863,P<0.001))and mobile phone and computer usage(Time spent on mobile phones and computers(χ^(2)=12.350,P=0.002);Short video viewing time(χ^(2)=9.291,P=0.026))among medical students with different physiological health states.The direct effect of activity on physiological sub-health of medical students was 0.26(95%CI:0.137-0.366).The direct effect of dietary habits on physiological sub-health of medical students was-0.171(95%CI:-0.233--0.035),and the indirect effect was-0.04(95%CI:-0.085--0.015).The indirect effect of mobile phone and computer usage on physiological sub-health of medical students was-0.043(95%CI:-0.087--0.017).Conclusion The overall detection rate of sub-health status among medical students is relatively high.Physical activity is a significant influencing factor in the physiological sub-health status of medical students and serves as a mediator between dietary habits and

关 键 词：医学生 生活行为方式 生理亚健康 影响 结构方程 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]