新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州暖季小时极端降水时空分布特征  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Hourly Extreme Rainfall in Warm Season in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang

作　　者：艾克代·沙拉木 何清 阿力木·阿巴斯 古丽帕丽·斯拉木 努尔夏提·塔依尔 Akida Salam;HE Qing;Alim Abbas;Gulipali Silamu;Nurxat Tayir(Meteorological Bureau of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture,Artux 845350,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau,Urumqi 830002,China;Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州气象局,新疆阿图什845350 [2]新疆气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2024年第2期20-26,共7页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2018010);新疆气象局引导性计划项目(202209);国家自然科学基金(41965002);国家自然科学基金(U1903113)。

摘　　要：利用2014—2021年克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州(简称“克州”)暖季(4—10月)103个自动站逐小时降水资料,对其小时极端降水时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)克州暖季降水量呈北部多,南部少,山区多,平原少,其中西南部山区较小;小时极端降水频次高值区集中在东北部山区、西部及南部高海拔山区(均在50次/a以上);小时降水平均强度≥10 mm/h的站点主要位于北部,平原小时降水强度高于西部和西南部山区。(2)克州暖季(4—10月)小时极端降水频次、强度有明显的局地差异,其贡献率高值区主要分布在平原和浅山区(其中平原高于20.0%)。(3)小时极端降水频次的高值时段为18:00—21:00,低值时段为13:00—16:00;降水强度在凌晨以及20:00—22:00较大,12:00—13:00较小。(4)山区、浅山区和平原3类不同海拔梯度区域的小时极端降水指标存在差异,其中平原(低于2000 m的区域)降水强度最大,频次最低;高海拔山区(高于3000 m的区域)降水强度最低,频次最高。Using the hourly precipitation data of 103 stations in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in warm season(April-October)from 2014 to 2021,the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of hourly extreme precipitation were analyzed.The results show that:(1)The warm season precipitation in Kezhou is less in the south and more in the north,less in plains and more in mountainous areas,and smaller in high-altitude mountainous areas of the southwest;the high-value areas of hourly precipitation frequency are concentrated in the northeast,west and southern high-altitude areas(all above 50 times/a);the stations with hourly mean precipitation intensity≥10 mm/h are mainly located in the north,and the hourly precipitation intensity in the plains is higher than that in the western and southwestern mountainous areas.(2)There are obvious local differences in hourly extreme precipitation threshold,intensity,frequency and contribution rate in Kezhou warm season(April-October).(3)The high value period of hourly extreme precipitation frequency is from 18:00 to 21:00,and the low value period is from 13:00 to 16:00;the precipitation intensity is greater in the early morning and 20:00 to 22:00,smaller in 12:00-13:00.(4)There are differences in the hourly extreme precipitation indicators in three types of regions with different altitude gradients:mountainous areas,shallow mountainous areas,and plains.Among them,the plains(areas below 2000 m)have the highest precipitation intensity and the lowest frequency;high-altitude mountainous areas(areas above 3000 m)have the lowest precipitation intensity and the highest frequency.

关 键 词：克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 小时极端降水 时空分布 日变化特征 暖季 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]