亚投行与传统多边开发银行的比较  

A Comparative Study on AIIB and Legacy Multilateral Development Banks

作　　者：任琳[1,2] 苏山岳[1] REN Lin;SU Shanyue

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学国际政治经济学院,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《国际展望》2024年第3期93-110,156,157,共20页Global Review

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“中国特色全球治理观与全球治理体系改革的中国方案”(23ZDA123)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：作为新兴国家参与建立全球发展治理新机制的重要尝试,亚投行在其建制和发展过程中与传统多边开发银行呈现出机制趋异与趋同并存的特点。一方面,亚投行在机制目标、制度设计、治理结构和决策模式等方面具有制度趋异的特点,展现出优势与创新。另一方面,亚投行在业务原则、融资政策、机制理念和伙伴关系等方面具有制度趋同的特点。制度趋异反映了新兴国家以实际行动践行多边主义,提升发展中国家的代表性,获取制度合法性,回应域内国家发展需求,切实保障成员国利益的诉求。制度趋同则体现了新兴国家学习兼容主流国际规范及对标最佳实践,提升机制有效性的考虑。亚投行制度趋异和趋同现象反映出新兴国家在创立全球发展治理新机制时既追求建制的代表性,又追求机制有效性;既“推陈出新”,又“博采众长”的建制理念。As an important attempt by emerging countries to participate in the establishment of new institutions for global development governance,the AIIB has shown significant characteristics of institutional divergence and convergence with legacy multilateral development banks in its establishment and development process.On the one hand,the AIIB has demonstrated its strength and innovation through institutional divergence in terms of institutional objectives,institutional design,governance structure,and decision-making model.On the other hand,it has converged with legacy multilateral development institutions in terms of operational principles,financing policies,institutional concepts,and partnerships.Institutional divergence reflects those emerging countries upholding multilateralism with concrete actions,enhancing the representation of developing countries,gaining institutional legitimacy,and at the same time responding to the developmental needs of countries in the region,using various measures to safeguard the development priorities of its member states.Institutional convergence reflects the intention of emerging countries to learn to comply with mainstream international norms and adopt best practices,dialectically learn to apply international high-standard rules,and promote the effectiveness of the institutions.The institutional divergence and convergence of AIIB reflects that emerging countries pursue not only the representativeness of the institution,but also the effectiveness and competitiveness of the mechanism when they participate in the establishment of new institutions regarding global development governance.It also reflects that emerging countries focus not only on innovating new institutions,but also on inheriting good traditional practices.

关 键 词：亚投行 国际发展融资 全球发展治理 制度设计理念 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]