凹陷地形对固体推进剂近地爆炸冲击波影响的数值分析  

Numerical analysis of sunken terrain on the shock wave of solid propellant near ground explosions

作　　者：李超 何兆 马重夫 陈铭德[1] LI Chao;HE Zhao;MA Zhong-Fu;CHEN Ming-de(Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,西安710119

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第2期34-41,共8页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：固体火箭发动机推进剂爆炸冲击波超压测试试验中,爆炸后地形的改变会使冲击波的传播过程和压力分布发生改变,导致超压测量结果小于理论计算结果。为了研究推进剂爆炸后地形结构对冲击波压力的影响,利用Autodyn软件使用Lagrange/Euler耦合的方法,计算了距离地面高度为1 m的950 kg推进剂在平整和凹陷两种地形工况下,爆炸冲击波的压力分布和贴地位置冲击波的超压曲线。结果表明,当推进剂下方存在凹陷地形时,地形的反射作用使推进剂爆炸形成的半球状冲击波波面压力在半球的上侧较高,而在半球的近地侧较低;而推进剂下方平整时,推进剂爆炸形成的半球状冲击波在半球近地侧较高,而在半球上侧较低。推进剂下方有凹陷地形时,爆炸形成的冲击波在贴地位置的压力比推进剂下方平整时小,同一贴地测点的冲击波到达时间也滞后。推进剂下方有凹陷时,爆炸冲击波超压曲线小于推进剂下方地形平整的超压曲线,这个结果解释了工程试验中大炸坑的推进剂爆炸超压试验中,超压的实测数据小于理论计算和数值仿真的现象。In the shock wave overpressure test of solid rocket propellant explosion,the change of terrain after explosion will change the propagation process and pressure distribution of the shock wave,resulting in the experimental result of overpressure less than the theoretical calculation result.In order to study the influence of terrain on shock wave overpressure after explosion,the Autodyn software and Lagrange/Euler coupling method were used to calculate the pressure distribution of explosion shock wave and overpressure curve of shock wave near the ground for 950 kg propellant with a height of 1 m from the ground under planar and sunken terrain conditions.The results indicate that when a sunken terrain is below the propellant,the reflection effect of the terrain causes the hemispherical shock wave pressure formed by the propellant explosion to be higher on the upper side and lower on the near ground side;When a planar terrain is below the propellant,the hemispherical shock wave formed by the propellant explosion is higher on the near ground side and lower on the upper side.When a sunken terrain is below the propellant,the pressure of the shock wave formed by the explosion near the ground is smaller than when the terrain is planar,and the arrival time of the shock wave at the same measurement point is also delayed.When a sunken terrain is below the propellant,the overpressure curve of the explosion shock wave is smaller than the overpressure curve of the flat terrain case.This result explains that the measured data of overpressure in the propellant explosion overpressure test with large explosion pits in engineering experiments is smaller than the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation results.

关 键 词：推进剂 爆炸 冲击波 数值仿真 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]