添加复合稀释剂的低爆速乳化炸药的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of low detonation velocity emulsion explosive with diluent mixtures

作　　者：何志伟[1] 李志远 周汉红 岳嘉伟 张功震 程维 卢朝喜 HE Zhi-wei;LI Zhi-yuan;ZHOU Han-hong;YUE Jia-wei;ZHANG Gong-zhen;CHENG Wei;LU Chao-xi(School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;The Security Administration of Wuhan Public Security Bureau,Wuhan 430077,China;Shandong North Civil Explosive Material Co.,Ltd.,Zibo 255208,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]武汉市公安局治安管理局,武汉430077 [3]山东北方民爆器材有限公司,山东淄博255208

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第2期132-139,共8页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51404006)。

摘　　要：以玻璃微球和滑石粉共同作为稀释剂制备一种低爆速乳化炸药。观察不同质量分数的玻璃微球和滑石粉对乳化炸药形貌的影响,并对乳化炸药的爆速、猛度、空中爆炸冲击波压力及储存稳定性进行测试。实验结果表明,随着滑石粉质量分数的增加,乳化炸药的形貌由乳胶状逐渐向颗粒状转化,爆速呈线性下降,对玻璃微球质量分数为5%、10%、15%的乳化炸药,测得最低爆速分别为3440、2740、2188 m/s。而随着滑石粉质量分数的增加,猛度、空中爆炸冲击波峰值超压均呈非线性下降,当滑石粉控制在一定量时,冲击波正压作用时间变化不大,乳化炸药储存稳定性较好。这种低爆速乳化炸药成本低廉、爆轰性能可调、储存稳定性好,具有较好的实用性。A low detonation velocity emulsion explosive was prepared by using glass microspheres and talc powder as diluent.The effects of glass microspheres and talc powder with different mass fractions on the morphology of emulsion explosive were observed,and the detonation velocity,brisance,air explosion shock wave pressure and storage stability of emulsion explosive were tested.The experimental results show that with the increase of talc powder mass fraction,the morphology of emulsion explosive gradually changes from latex to granular,and the detonation velocity decreases linearly.For the emulsion explosive with 5%,10%and 15%glass microsphere mass fraction,the lowest detonation velocity measured is 3440 m/s,2740 m/s and 2188 m/s,respectively.However,with the increase of talc powder mass fraction,both the brisance and the peak overpressure of the air explosion shock wave show a nonlinear decrease.When the talc powder is controlled in a certain amount,the positive pressure action time of the shock wave has little change,and the storage stability of the emulsion explosive is good.This low detonation velocity emulsion explosive has low cost,adjustable detonation performance,good storage stability and good practicability.

关 键 词：低爆速乳化炸药 玻璃微球 滑石粉 爆轰性能 储存稳定性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]