2020—2022年四川省学校肺结核患者密切接触者筛查情况分析  

Screening on close contacts of school tuberculosis patients in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：刘双 李婷[1] 王丹霞[1] 逯嘉[1] 肖月[1] 雷卉 夏岚[1] LIU Shuang;LI Ting;WANG Danxia;LU Jia;XIAO Yue;LEI Hui;XIA Lan(Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第4期355-361,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解2020—2022年四川省学校肺结核患者密切接触者筛查情况,为学校结核病防控策略提供参考依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“传染病监测系统”收集2020—2022年四川省学校密切接触者筛查数据,采用SAS 9.4软件进行χ^(2)检验或者Logistic回归计算,从时间、地区、年龄方面分析筛查情况、筛查结果、病例发现和预防性治疗情况及影响因素。检验水准α=0.05。结果2020—2022年四川省应筛查学校密切接触者754433人,筛查率94.91%。各年龄组、地区、年份之间筛查率均存在差异(P均<0.05)。对比2020年,2022年出现可疑症状(OR=0.538,95%CI:0.510~0.568)和PPD强阳性(OR=0.920,95%CI:0.882~0.959)的风险都较低。年龄在15岁及以上会有更低的可疑症状率(OR=0.809,95%CI:0.769~0.852)和更高的PPD强阳性率(OR=1.992,95%CI:1.928~2.059)。少数民族地区有着更低的可疑症状率(OR=0.726,95%CI:0.693~0.760)和更高的PPD强阳性率(OR=1.919,95%CI:1.849~1.990)。2020—2022年四川省学校密切接触者筛查共诊断肺结核患者数1356人,检出率0.19%;学校密切接触者筛查后预防性治疗接受率44.76%,预防性治疗完成率35.74%。结论四川省应进一步加强学校密切接触者筛查工作力度。学校和医疗机构应提高对来自少数民族地区和15岁及以上等重点密切接触者人群的关注程度,优化症状筛查方法,规范划定筛查范围,提高症状筛查和实验室检测能力,保证患者发现水平。此外,还应继续提高预防性治疗宣教力度,继续推动全省结核潜伏性感染者的预防性治疗工作。Objective To understand the screening situation of close contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in schools in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022 and provide reference basis for tuberculosis control strategies in schools.Methods Data on the screening of close contacts in schools in Sichuan Province were collected from the“Infectious Disease Monitoring System”subsystem of the“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”during the 2020 to 2022 year.The software SAS 9.4 was adopted.Chi-square test or logistic regression model was used to analyze the screening situation,screening results,case detection,preventive treatment,and influencing factors based on time,region,and age.The significance level was set atα=0.05.Result A total of 754433 close contacts in schools in Sichuan Province should be screened from 2020 to 2022,with a screening rate of 94.91%.There were significant differences in screening rates among different age groups,regions,and years(all P<0.05).Compared to 2020,the risk of suspected symptoms(OR=0.538,95%CI:0.510-0.568)and positive tuberculin skin test(PPD)results(OR=0.920,95%CI:0.882-0.959)in 2022 were lower.Individuals aged 15 years and above had lower rates of suspected symptoms(OR=0.809,95%CI:0.769-0.852)and higher rates of positive PPD results(OR=1.992,95%CI:1.928-2.059).Minority areas had lower rates of suspected symptoms(OR=0.726,95%CI:0.693-0.760)and higher rates of positive PPD results(OR=1.919,95%CI:1.849-1.990).A total of 1356 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were diagnosed among the close contacts screened in schools,with a detection rate of 0.19%.The acceptance rate of preventive treatment after screening of close contacts at school was 44.76%,and the completion rate of preventive treatment was 35.74%.Conclusions In conclusion,it is necessary to further strengthen the screening efforts for close contacts in schools in Sichuan Province.Schools and medical institutions should pay more attention to key populations,such as those from minority areas and those aged 15 yea

关 键 词：结核 肺 密切接触者 学校 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]