2015—2022年北京市房山区手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎疫情流行病学和病原学特征分析  

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease and herpangina epidemics in Fangshan District of Beijing municipality from 2015 to 2022

作　　者：马仲慧 魏柯雯 仇华 王雪琪 李丽丽[1] 龚海英 MA Zhonghui;WEI Kewen;QIU Hua;WANG Xueqi;LI Lili;GONG Haiying(Department of Communicable and Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Fangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心传染病与地方病控制科,北京102488

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第4期391-397,403,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：北京市市委组织部项目(项目编号:2017000077606G223)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2015—2022年北京市房山区手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎疫情流行特征和病原学情况,为下一步防控措施提供科学依据。方法 收集2015—2022年北京市房山区手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎疫情的基本信息及病原学信息,采用描述流行病学方法对结果进行分析。计数资料采用χ^(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法进行比较,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2015—2022年北京市房山区累计报告疫情565起(含疱疹性咽峡炎病例40起),每年疫情数为7~112起。疫情发生主要集中在夏季和秋季;其中487起发生于平原地带,疫情数位居前2位的街道/乡镇为拱辰街道和长阳镇;疫情发生场所以托幼机构最多,其次为家庭。不同年份间疫情季节分布、发生场所分布差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。每起疫情病例数介于2~23例间,371起病例数均为2例。疫情病例数在不同年份间、场所间的分布差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。456起疫情具有病原学定性结果,以Cox A6、Cox A16、其他肠道病毒为主。疫情病原学定性在不同年份间、不同季节间分布差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 北京市房山区手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎疫情发生具有季节性,呈双峰分布,主要集中发生在平原地带,多涉及托幼机构和家庭场所,托幼机构疫情易涉及较多病例,以Cox A6为优势毒株。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)and herpangina(HA)epidemics in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2015 to2022,and to provide basis for the further prevention and control measures.Methods Basic and pathogenic information of HFMD and HA epidemics in Fangshan District from 2015 to 2022 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Counting doua were compared by Chi-square test or Fisher probability method.The test level wasα=0.05.Results A total of 565 epidemics(40epidemics involving HA cases)were reported in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2015 to 2022,with an annual reported number of epidemics ranging from 7 to 112.The epidemics occurred mainly in summer and autumn.Of these,487 epidemics occurred in the plain area,and the top two streets/towns with the largest number of epidemics were Gongchen Street and Changyang Town.Most epidemics occurred in childcare institutions,followed by households.There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of seasons and occurrence places of these epidemics among different years(all P<0.05).The number of cases in each epidemic ranged from 2 to 23,and the number of cases in 371 epidemics was 2.There were statistically significant differences in the number of epidemic cases among different years and locations(all P<0.001).There were 456epidemics with qualitative results of etiology,mainly Cox A6,Cox A16 and other intestinal viruses.There were statistically significant differences in the composition of etiological results among different years and seasons(all P<0.05).Conclusions The epidemics of HFMD and HA in Fangshan District of Beijing was seasonal,with a bimodal distribution.The epidemics mainly occurred in the plain area,and mostly occurred in childcare institutions and households.The epidemics in childcare institutions were prone to involving more cases,with Cox A6 as the dominant strain.

关 键 词：手足口病 疫情 流行特征 病原学 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]