2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区猩红热病例流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022

作　　者：侯萍 HOU Ping(Fucheng Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市涪城区疾病预防控制中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2024年第2期89-94,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的分析2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区猩红热病的流行病学特征,为涪城区猩红热的预防与控制提供依据。方法从中国疾病监测信息系统传染病网络直报系统中导出2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区猩红热病病例相关数据,对绵阳市涪城区2005—2022年报告的猩红热病例资料进行流行特征分析。用Excel 2010软件建立数据库,数据采用SPSS 18.0进行统计处理,计数资料用百分比或率表示,组间比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准取α=0.05。结果2005—2022年绵阳市涪城区共报告猩红热病例449例,年均报告发病率为4.03/10万,不同年度发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=230.60,P<0.001)。报告发病率随年份呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=28.16,P<0.001)。城区街道报告发病率高于农村乡镇(χ^(2)=58.36,P<0.001)。发病时间集中在4至7月(44.99%),10月至次年1月次之(40.31%),形成2个发病高峰特征。男性累计发病高于女性(χ^(2)=28.05,P<0.001),男女性别发病比为1.70∶1;年龄累计发病以3~8岁为主(78.84%),发病率为47.85/10万,不同年龄组发病差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4839.53,P<0.001);职业以学生为主(46.77%),托幼儿童次之(40.31%)。结论绵阳市涪城区猩红热发病呈逐年上升趋势,托幼儿童和学生是发病的高危人群,应加强监测,严防重点场所聚集性疫情的发生与流行。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of scarlet fever in Fucheng District.Methods The relevant data of scarlet fever cases in Fucheng District,Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022 were derived from the Infectious Disease Network Direct Reporting System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and the database was established with Excel 2010 software.The data were statistically processed with SPSS 18.0 statistical software.The counting data were expressed as percentages or rates.The comparison of percentages or rates was conducted by Chi-square test,and the test level wasα=0.05.The epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases reported in Fucheng District of Mianyang City from 2005 to 2022 were analyzed.Results From 2005 to 2022,a total of 449scarlet fever cases were reported in Fucheng District,Mianyang City.The annual average reported incidence rate was 4.03/10~5,and the differences in the incidence rate of different years were statistically significant(χ^(2)=230.60,P<0.001).The reported incidence rate increased with the year(χ^(2)_(trends)=28.16,P<0.001).The reported incidence rate in urban streets was higher than that in rural towns(χ^(2)=58.36,P<0.001).The onset time was concentrated from April to July(44.99%),followed by October to January of the following year(40.31%),forming two-peak characteristics.The cumulative incidence rate in males was higher than that in females(χ^(2)=28.05,P<0.001),with a male to female incidence ratio of 1.70∶1.The 3-8 years old age group had the most cases(78.84%),with an incidence rate of 47.85/10~5.The incidence rates were significantly different among different age groups(χ^(2)=4839.53,P<0.001).The profession was mainly composed of students(46.77%),followed by preschool children(40.31%).Conclusions The incidence of scarlet fever in Fucheng District of Mianyang City showed an increasing trend year by

关 键 词：猩红热 A群链球菌 发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R515.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]