常州市2340例学龄前儿童屈光异常影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of 2340 preschool children with refractive abnormalities in Changzhou City

作　　者：徐鸿美 杨晶晶 朱昱 XUHongmei;YANG Jingjing;ZHUYu(Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Changzhou 213000,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]常州市妇幼保健院,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2024年第2期107-112,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的分析常州市学龄前儿童屈光异常患病率及其影响因素,从而为制定屈光异常干预措施提供参考依据。方法对2020年1月至2022年12月在常州市妇幼保健院进行屈光筛查的3~6岁学龄前儿童使用Spot视力筛查仪进行屈光筛查并进行视力影响因素调查。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型分析学龄前儿童屈光异常相关因素,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果共调查2340例学龄前儿童,有214例存在屈光异常,患病率为9.15%,其中单纯屈光参差、单纯散光、单纯近视、单纯远视和两种或多种屈光异常共存分别占屈光异常总人数的0.34%、4.66%、0.21%、0.85%和3.08%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、每日看手机/电视时间、每日户外运动时间和屈光异常家族史是学龄前儿童屈光异常的影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论常州地区学龄前儿童屈光异常发病率较高,年龄、每日看手机/电视时间、每日户外运动时间、屈光异常家族史是学龄前儿童屈光异常的影响因素。应定期对学龄前儿童视力进行筛查并及早进行干预,以减少视力异常、促进学龄前儿童视力健康。Objective To analyze the prevalence rate and influencing factors of abnormal refraction among preschool children in Changzhou City,and to provide reference for the formulation of intervention measures for refractive abnormalities.Methods From January 2020 to December 2022,preschool children aged 3-6 years were screened for refractive errors by the Spot vision screening instrument and investigated for the influencing factors of refractive abnormalities in Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the related factors of refractive abnormalities in preschool children.P<0.05was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 2340 preschool children were investigated,and 214 of them had refractive abnormalities,with a prevalence rate of 9.15%.Among them,simple anisometropia,simple astigmatism,simple myopia,simple hyperopia,and coexistence of two or more refractive abnormalities accounted for 0.34%,4.66%,0.21%,0.85%and 3.08%of the total number of refractive abnormalities,respectively.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,daily mobile phone/television(TV)viewing time,daily outdoor exercise time,and family history of refractive abnormalities were independent influencing factors of refractive abnormalities in preschool children(all P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence rate of refractive abnormalities in preschool children in Changzhou City was high.Age,daily mobile phone/TV viewing time,daily outdoor exercise time,and family history of refractive abnormalities were the influencing factors of refractive abnormalities in preschool children.The vision of preschool children should be screened regularly,and early intervention should be carried out,to reduce visual abnormalities and promote the visual health of preschool children.

关 键 词：屈光异常 筛查 学龄前儿童 影响因素 

分 类 号：R718[医药卫生—妇产科学]