耳蜗死区对不同信噪比条件下轻、中度感音神经性听力损失患者言语识别的影响  

Effect of Cochlear Dead Regions on Speech Recognition in Patients with Mild to Moderate Sensorineural Hearing Loss under Different Signal-to-noise Ratio

作　　者：孟超 郭倩倩 吕静 陈雪清 Meng Chao;Guo Qianqian;Lyu Jing;Chen Xueqing(Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Ministry of Education,Beijing,100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院,北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所(北京市耳鼻咽喉头颈外科研究中心),北京100730

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2024年第3期228-231,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2022-4-1093);首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2011-1017-01)。

摘　　要：目的初步探究安静及不同信噪比条件下,有、无耳蜗死区的轻、中度感音神经性听力损失患者的言语识别变化规律,以及不同测试条件下两组患者的言语识别差异。方法通过纯音测听选出符合纳入标准的轻、中度感音神经性听力损失患者44耳,采用均衡噪声阈(threshold equalizing noise,TEN)测试将患者分为非耳蜗死区组24耳和耳蜗死区组20耳。选取汉语(普通话)测听词汇表(Mandarin speech test materials,MSTMs)中单音节词言语测听词表,对两组患者在安静环境和言语谱噪声环境(SNR=6、3、0、-3 dB)下进行言语识别率测试。结果耳蜗死区组患者耳蜗死区1~2个,频率集中在3~4 kHz;两组患者不同测试环境下言语识别率均随信噪比降低而下降(P<0.05);耳蜗死区组患者在各测试条件下言语识别率得分较非耳蜗死区组低,且均有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论无论有无耳蜗死区,轻、中感音神经性听力损失患者的言语识别率均随着信噪比下降呈显著下降的趋势。在本研究各信噪比条件下耳蜗死区组患者的言语识别率均较非耳蜗死区组患者低,对于轻、中度感音神经性听力损失患者开展耳蜗死区测试是必要的。Objective To study the speech recognition rates of patients with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss with or without cochlear dead regions under quiet and different signal-to-noise ratio,and the difference of speech recognition rates between the two groups under the same test conditions.Methods A total of 44 ears with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss were selected via pure tone audiometry.The patients were divided into non-cochlear dead regions group and cochlear dead regions group according to the results of the threshold equalizing noise test.The monosyllabic speech test materials(MSTMs)were used to assess the speech recognition score of the two groups of patients in quiet and speech spectrum noise environments(SNR=6,3,0,-3 dB).Results There were 1~2 cochlear dead regions in the dead regions group mostly in 3~4 kHz regions.Speech recognition of the two groups of patients in different test environments decreased with the reduction of signal-to-noise ratio(P<0.05)and there were significant differences in speech recognition scores between the two groups under different SNR conditions(P<0.05).Conclusion The speech recognition scores of patients with mild to moderate sensorineural deafness decreased significantly with the decrease of signal-to-noise ratio.Under each signal-to-noise ratio,the speech recognition scores of the cochlear dead regions group was lower than that of the non-cochlear dead regions group.It is necessary to carry out cochlear dead regions test for patients with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss.

关 键 词：耳蜗死区 言语识别 均衡噪声阈测试 信噪比 

分 类 号：R764.431[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]