不同产地丹参药材丹参酮类成分与土壤因子的相关性研究  

Correlations between tanshinones and soil factors of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from different producing areas

作　　者：戴瑶瑶 闫滨滨 杨健[2,4] 章跃龙 章君麒 熊丰 郭兰萍 DAI Yao-yao;YAN Bin-bin;YANG Jian;ZHANG Yue-long;ZHANG Jun-qi;XIONG Feng;GUO Lan-ping(School of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Dexing Research and Training Center of Chinese Medical Sciences,Dexing 334220,China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100700,China;Ningbo Joysun Product Testing Service Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315040,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学药学院,四川成都611137 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,北京100700 [3]德兴市中医研究院试验培训基地,江西德兴334220 [4]农业农村部中药材生物学与栽培重点实验室,北京100700 [5]宁波中盛产品检测有限公司,浙江宁波315040

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第7期1793-1801,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(82204566);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2021CXGC010508);农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21);国家产业技术基础公共服务平台项目(2022-230-221);德兴市中医研究院试验培训基地科技创新基地建设项目(2022AB009)。

摘　　要：土壤养分和无机元素不仅影响药用植物的生长发育,同时也对中药活性成分的形成和积累具有较大影响。该研究对来自6个省18个主要产地的丹参药材的丹参酮类成分及28种无机元素进行定量分析,并测定对应土壤的35种理化因子,对丹参药材无机元素的富集特征进行分析。通过相关性分析和逐步回归分析,筛选出影响丹参药材中丹参酮类成分的主要土壤因子。研究结果表明,不同产地丹参药材中丹参酮成分含量具有显著差异,其中山东丹参的总丹参酮含量最高,其次为河南丹参,山西、四川产丹参药材的该类成分含量相对较低。不同产地丹参药材中无机元素钾(K)、镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、钠(Na)的含量比较丰富,其中对Na、K的富集能力最强。根据相关性分析和回归分析结果表明,土壤K、Na、钛(Ti)、全氮为影响丹参药材中丹参酮类成分的主要土壤因子,其与土壤Ti呈正相关,与Na、K、全氮呈负相关。因此,在丹参种植过程中,选地时应当充分考虑其含盐量,避免盐碱地种植。其次,在肥料的使用上,可适量减少氮肥、钾肥的施用,并进一步针对性开发丹参水溶性元素肥料。Soil nutrients and inorganic elements affect not only the growth and development of medicinal plants but also the formation and accumulation of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicines.The content of tanshinones and 28 inorganic elements in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma samples from 18 producing areas in 6 provinces was determined,and 35 physical and chemical properties of the corresponding soil samples were determined.The enrichment characteristics of inorganic elements in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were analyzed.The correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were performed to screen out the main soil factors affecting the content of tanshinones in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.The results showed that the content of tanshinones in the samples from different areas varied significantly,being the highest in the samples from Shandong,the second in the samples from Henan,and low in the samples from Shanxi and Sichuan.K,Mg,Ca,and Na were rich in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma samples,among which Na and K had the highest enrichment coefficients.The results of correlation and regression analyses showed that soil K,Na,Ti,and total nitrogen were the main soil factors affecting the tanshinones in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.Specifically,the content of tanshinones was positively correlated with Ti and negatively correlated with Na,K,and total nitrogen in the soil.Therefore,during the planting of Salvia miltiorrhiza,the land should be selected with full consideration to the salinity and saline land should be avoided.Secondly,the application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers can be appropriately reduced,and water-soluble elemental fertilizers for S.miltiorrhiza should be developed.

关 键 词：丹参 无机元素 丹参酮 土壤 相关分析 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] S567.53[医药卫生—中医学]