氢燃料电池阳极抗一氧化碳毒化催化剂的研究进展与展望  

Progress and perspectives on the development of anti-CO poisoning electrocatalysts in hydrogen fuel cells

作　　者：吴钊颖 罗夏爽 罗柳轩 郭杨格 沈水云[1,2] 章俊良 WU ZhaoYing;LUO XiaShuang;LUO LiuXuan;GUO YangGe;SHEN ShuiYun;&ZHANG JunLiang(Institute of Fuel Cells,School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Power&Machinery Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院燃料电池研究所,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学动力机械与工程教育部重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2024年第4期567-583,共17页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2021YFB4001301);国家自然科学基金(批准号:21975157);上海交通大学深蓝计划基金(编号:SL2021ZD105)资助项目。

摘　　要：氢燃料电池阳极侧通常使用铂(Pt)催化氢氧化反应(HOR),然而当前供应氢燃料电池的工业产氢气中通常含有少量的一氧化碳(CO)杂质,因此将导致Pt催化剂活性因CO中毒而降低.如何提升阳极催化剂的抗CO毒化能力是HOR研究领域的重要课题.本文介绍了抗CO毒化的Pt基催化剂的研究现状,总结了过渡金属及氧化物掺杂、催化剂表面修饰和载体调控及选择等合成策略,汇总了其他铂族金属催化剂与非贵金属催化剂的抗CO毒化研究进展,并对未来的抗CO毒化阳极HOR催化剂发展方向作出了展望.Platinum(Pt)is usually used to catalyze the hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)on the anode side of hydrogen fuel cells.However,current industrially-produced hydrogen(H2)as the main source of anode feed gas inevitably contains a small amount of carbon monoxide(CO)as the main impurity,leading to the reduced activity of Pt electrocatalysts due to CO poisoning.Therefore,improving the anti-CO poisoning ability of anode electrocatalysts is now a major challenge in the field of HOR studies.This review first focuses on the current status of the most prevalent Pt-based HOR electrocatalysts with regard to the three main synthetic strategies for improving the anti-CO poisoning ability.Via metal doping or promoted CO oxidation via oxide doping,doping Pt-based electrocatalysts with transition metals or metal oxides usually leads to reduced CO adsorption.Surface modification of catalysts,including the construction of core-shell structures,the design of special surface morphologies,and the addition of surface-regulated organic molecules,can usually enhance the activity and selectivity toward HOR while inhibiting the poisoning process on the surface.Support modification or selection,including carbon black modification and support replacement with other types of carbon or metal oxides,normally makes use of the interaction between supports and metal particles to reduce the influence of CO poisoning with similar or even improved HOR activities.All these applied strategies aim to introduce an electronic or bifunctional effect to either weaken the CO adsorption or facilitate the CO oxidation and are also adopted to guide the development of other types of HOR electrocatalysts.Then,progress related to other types of non-Pt HOR electrocatalysts,including other platinum group metal(PGM)electrocatalysts and non-noble metal electrocatalysts,has been introduced successively.Other PGM electrocatalysts have stable chemical properties,and some of them even have better anti-CO poisoning abilities.The investigation of the origin of their intrinsic

关 键 词：氢燃料电池 阳极反应 氢氧化反应 抗CO毒化 电催化剂 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O643.36[理学—物理化学]