土工离心模拟高速滑坡碎屑流冲击过程的科氏效应研究  

Investigation on the Coriolis effect in centrifuge modeling of the impact process of high-speed debris avalanche

作　　者：张贝 李文阳 黄雨[2] ZHANG Bei;LI WenYang;HUANG Yu('College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Chang'an Universiy Xi'an 710054,China;College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,西安710054 [2]同济大学土木工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2024年第4期734-746,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(批准号:41831291)资助。

摘　　要：土工离心模拟是土木工程、地质工程等相关领域的重要技术.但在高速滑坡碎屑流模拟方面的应用仍然受限,主要原因在于科氏效应的影响难以避免且缺乏详细研究.本文特别针对高速滑坡碎屑流冲击效应这一防灾减灾工程重要问题,开展了一系列的物理离心试验与数值试验.相关结果表明,科氏加速度的方向对高速滑坡碎屑流冲击过程的影响更为显著,发散科氏作用强化了滑坡碎屑流与拦挡结构的相互作用,表现在其具有更高的流动性、更强的冲击效应、更大的堆积体高度.离心应力水平对压缩科氏效应作用效果的影响更为显著,且随着离心应力水平的增大,模拟结果向着无科氏条件影响结果的方向发展.因此,高速滑坡碎屑流冲击效应的土工离心模拟建议在发散科氏条件下开展,且不必刻意选取较小的离心应力水平.Geotechnical centrifugal simulation is an important technology in civil engineering,geological engineering and other related fields.But the better use of centrifuge is still challenged when dealing with high-speed debris avalanche,because the Coriolis effect cannot be avoided and lacks thorough investigations.In this paper,especially focusing on the impact effect of high-speed debris avalanche,which is an important problem in disaster prevention and mitigation engineering,a series of physical centrifugal tests and numerical tests are carried out.The results indicate that the direction of Coriolis acceleration has a more significant influence on the impact process of high-speed debris avalanche,and the dilative Coriolis effect strengthens the interaction between the debris avalanche and the barrier structure,and the influence is characterized by higher flow mobility,stronger impact effect and larger accumulation height.The influence of centrifugal stress level on the compressive Coriolis effect is more significant.With the increase of centrifugal stress level,the simulation results are more similar to the results without the influence of Coriolis effect.As a result,the geotechnical centrifuge modeling of the impact process of high-speed debris avalanche is suggested to be conducted under dilative Coriolis condition,and it is not necessary to deliberately select a small centrifugal stress level.

关 键 词：离心模拟技术 高速滑坡碎屑流 冲击过程 科氏效应 离散元模拟 

分 类 号：P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学]