土壤调理剂与叶面钾肥配合施用对烟叶产质的影响  

Effect of Combination of Soil Conditioner and Foliar Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Tobacco

作　　者：沈毅 闫鼎 蔡宪杰 倪霞[2] 李德文 未启立 左伟标 夏文凯[2] 桂龙凤 赵声春 刘振宁 罗启鹏 SHEN Yi;YAN Ding;CAI Xianjie;NI Xia;LI Dewen;WEI Qili;ZUO Weibiao;XIA Wenkai;GUI Longfeng;ZHAO Shengchun;LIU Zhenning;LUO Qipeng(Shanghai Tobacco Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200082;Zhaotong Tobacco Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000;Yunnan Microbial Fermentation Engineering Research Center Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650217;Huahuan International Tobacco Company,Chuzhou,Anhui 233121)

机构地区：[1]上海烟草集团有限公司,上海200082 [2]云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,云南昭通657000 [3]云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司,昆明650217 [4]华环国际烟草有限公司,安徽滁州233121

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第12期33-37,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：上海烟草集团有限责任公司2022年项目“基于植烟土壤微生物的根区肥力综合调控技术研究与应用”(WG202202008);云南省专家基层科研工作站。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估酸性土壤调理剂与叶面钾肥配合施用对烤烟(Nicotiana tabacum L.)农艺性状、产量和品质的影响。通过田间试验,分析了单独使用酸性土壤调理剂以及与不同类型钾肥(硫酸钾、磷酸二氢钾和硫酸钾镁)喷施相结合的效果。结果表明,酸性土壤调理剂能显著改善烟株的农艺性状并提升产量。在施用土壤调理剂的基础上,叶面喷施钾肥进一步促进了烟叶的早衰和落黄,提高了上中等烟叶的比例,其中以硫酸钾和磷酸二氢钾处理的效果最为明显。就烟叶品质而言,硫酸钾喷施显著改善了烟叶的外观质量;而磷酸二氢钾处理则在化学成分协调性方面表现更佳。此外,硫酸钾镁喷施显著增加了烟叶中的总糖和还原糖含量。钾含量分析显示,C3F等级烟叶的钾含量得到显著提升,而B2F等级的提升幅度较小。综上所述,酸性土壤调理剂与叶面钾肥的合理配合施用能够有效提高烟叶的产量和品质,为烤烟生产提供了重要的肥料管理策略。The study was to assess the effects of acidic soil amendments applied in combination with foliar potassium fertilizers on agronomic traits,yield and quality of Nicotiana tabacum L..Acidic soil amendments alone and in combination with different types of foliar potassium fertilizers(potassium sulphate,potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium magnesium sulphate)spray application were analyzed in a field experiment.The results showed that acidic soil amendments significantly improved agronomic traits and enhanced yield of tobacco plants.On the basis of acidic soil amendments application,foliar spraying of potash fertilizer further promoted early ripening and yellowing of tobacco leaves,and increased the proportion of upper medium tobacco leaves,with potassium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate treatments having the most obvious effects.In terms of tobacco quality,potassium sulfate spraying significantly improved the appearance quality of tobacco,while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate treatment performed better on harmonization of chemical compositions.In addition,potassium magnesium sulfate spraying significantly increased the total sugar and reducing sugar contents of the tobacco leaves.The analysis of potassium content showed that C3F grade tobacco was significantly enhanced,while the enhancement of B2F grade was smaller.In summary,the reasonable combination of acidic soil amendments and foliar potassium fertilizer application can effectively improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves,providing an important fertilizer management strategy for flue-cured tobacco production.

关 键 词：酸性土壤调理剂 叶面钾肥 烤烟 农艺性状 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]