不同品种新疆大果沙枣果实品质综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Fruit Quality of Different Varieties of Xinjiang Elaeagnus moorcroftii

作　　者：刘巧玲[1] 盛玮[1] 罗青红[1] LIU Qiaoling;SHENG Wei;LUO Qinghong(Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830002)

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第10期58-62,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目“沙枣果实加工技术研发与产品创制”(2022SNGGGCC030);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目“大果沙枣良种选育及栽培研究”(2019B00007);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务资助“新疆大果沙枣种质资源多样性及品质分析研究”(KY2020025)。

摘　　要：本研究利用新疆大果沙枣果实外观指标和有效营养成分指标,结合主成分分析和聚类分析对果实品质进行综合评价,旨在为新疆大果沙枣的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。结果表明,不同品种大果沙枣果实外观品质存在显著性差异;根据主成分分析法,综合评价结果为‘红铃’(3#)>‘红玉’(8#)>‘金莎’(2#)>‘金皇后2’(26#)>‘巴楚1’(5#)>‘金皇后’(6#)>‘白沙甜’(7#)>‘雅丰’(1#)>‘红铃2’(33#),3#、8#和2#表现优良,可重点进行繁育推广及开发利用。根据聚类分析,将9个品种的大果沙枣分为3类;第1类为3#品种,主要特征为固酸比、单宁和总酚高,蛋白质、粗纤维低,可用作制作糕点及高档果汁、饮料等;第2类为2#和8#品种,主要特征为可食率高,总黄酮、原花青素含量高,单宁和总酚也高于均值,可用作深加工,提取其有效功能性营养成分,用于保健、医疗等;其余品种均属于第3类,各项指标较为平均,果实可鲜食及加工,也可用作生态林等。This study utilized the fruit appearance indicators and effective nutritional composition indicators of Xinjiang Elaeagnus moorcroftii,combined with principal component analysis and cluster analysis to comprehensively evaluate the fruit quality,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of Xinjiang E.moorcroftii.The results showed that there were significant differences in fruit appearance quality of different varieties of E.moorcroftii;the comprehensive evaluation results were‘Hongling’(3#)>‘Hongyu’(8#)>‘Jinsha’(2#)>‘Jinhuanghou2’(26#)>‘Bachu 1’(5#)>‘Jinhuanghou’(6#)>‘Baishatian’(7#)>‘Yafeng’(1#)>‘Hongling2’(33#)by the principal component analysis,and 3#,8#,and 2#could be used for breeding,promotion,and development and utilization.The 9 varieties of E.moorcroftii were divided into three categories by the cluster analysis.The first category was 3#,which was mainly characterized by high solid acid ratio,tannin and total phenol,low protein and crude fiber,and could be used for making cakes,high-grade fruit juices and drinks.The second category was 2#and 8#,which were mainly characterized by high edible rate,high content of total flavonoids and proanthocyanidins,tannins and total phenols were also higher than the average value,and could be used for deep processing and extraction of effective functional nutrients for health care and medical treatment.Other varieties belonged to the third category,with average indicators,could be eaten and processed fresh,and could also be used as ecological forests.

关 键 词：大果沙枣 果实品质 主成分分析 聚类分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]