草地贪夜蛾对不同寄主的取食选择性  

Feeding Preference of Spodoptera frugiperda on Different Host Plants

作　　者：魏佩瑶 冯小军 谢飞舟 陈志杰 王清文 杨洁[4] 洪波 WEI Peiyao;FENG Xiaojun;XIE Feizhou;CHEN Zhijie;WANG Qingwen;YANG Jie;HONG Bo(Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi,Xi’an 710043;Plant Protection Station of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710003;Hanzhong Agricultural Technology Extension and Training Center,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723000;Xi’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Xi’an 710061)

机构地区：[1]陕西省生物农业研究所,西安710043 [2]陕西省植物保护工作总站,西安710003 [3]汉中市农业技术推广与培训中心,陕西汉中723000 [4]西安市农业技术推广中心,西安710061

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第10期127-131,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省科学院科学研究专项“草地贪夜蛾在陕西省的种群扩散机制和应急防控技术研究”(2021K-8)。

摘　　要：为明确草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)入侵种群是否对中国果蔬生产构成威胁,采用室内饲养观察的方法比较分析草地贪夜蛾3~5龄幼虫对玉米、甘薯、番茄和冬枣叶片的取食选择性。用甘薯和番茄叶片将初孵幼虫驯化饲喂至3~5龄后,检测其对初始驯化食物及其他3种食物的选择性,同时研究比较草地贪夜蛾对植物不同部位的取食选择性差异。结果表明,各龄期幼虫的取食选择总体表现为玉米(43.23%~61.82%)>甘薯(20.37%~25.62%)>番茄(10.91%~24.3%)>冬枣(5.45%~9.26%)。经过甘薯和番茄叶片取食驯化后的5龄幼虫对初始驯化食物的选择性已高于嗜食寄主玉米。3、4龄幼虫仍然对玉米叶片有较高的选择倾向,但较未驯化的幼虫,对初始驯化食物的选择率均大幅度提升,甘薯提升16.42~24.11个百分点,番茄提升18.07~20.89个百分点。不同部位的取食选择结果表明,低龄幼虫喜欢取食玉米新叶和玉米须,老熟幼虫喜欢取食老叶和雄穗;低龄幼虫喜欢取食植物茎秆,老熟幼虫喜欢取食植物叶片。研究表明,虽然草地贪夜蛾幼虫对甘薯、番茄和冬枣的取食选择性低于玉米,但经过驯化或在环境胁迫的情况下仍对甘薯、番茄和冬枣生产具有潜在威胁。同时低龄幼虫与老熟幼虫对植物不同部位取食选择具有较明显的差异。To clarify whether Spodoptera frugiperda poses a threat to fruit and vegetable production in China,a comparative analysis of the feeding selectivity of 3rd-5th instar larvae of S.frugiperda on maize,sweet potato,tomato,and dongzao jujube leaves was conducted by leaf disc method.The feeding preferences of primary larvae initially domesticated on sweet potato and tomato leaves until they developed to the 3rd-5th instar larvae stages were examined.We assessed their selectivity for the initial food used for domestication and three other foods,compared feeding selectivity between various plant parts.The feeding preferences of S.frugiperda across all instar stages were as follows:maize(43.23%-61.82%)>sweet potato(20.37%-25.62%)>tomato(10.91%-24.3%)>dongzao jujube(5.45%-9.26%).Notably,after being domesticated on sweet potato and tomato leaves to 5th instar larvae,S.frugiperda exhibited heightened selectivity for the food they were initially domesticated on compared to maize.In contrast,although 3rd and 4th instar larvae retained a strong preference for maize leaves,they also demonstrated a substantial increase in selection rates for the food initially used for domestication.This increase ranged from 16.42-24.11 percentage points for sweet potato and 18.07-20.89 percentage points for tomato,compared to uncultivated larvae.Furthermore,the feeding selectivity analysis for different plant parts revealed that younger larvae displayed a preference for new leaves and corn whiskers of maize,whereas older larvae exhibited a preference for old leaves and male panicles.Concerning plant parts,younger larvae favoured plant stalks,whereas older larvae showed a preference for plant leaves.Our findings indicate that although S.frugiperda larvae exhibit lower feeding selectivity for sweet potato,tomato and dongzao jujube compared to maize,they still pose a potential threat to the production of these crops after domestication or under environmental stress.Notably,distinct variations in feeding choices for different parts of the plant wer

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 取食选择性 驯化饲喂 环境胁迫 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]