RNA调控与作物农艺性状改良  

RNA regulation and improvement of crop agronomic traits

作　　者：何凯 周晓利 王玉秋 朱丹萌[2] HE Kai;ZHOU XiaoLi;WANG YuQiu;ZHU DanMeng(State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research,School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research,School of Life Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学现代农学院与生命科学学院,蛋白质与植物基因研究国家重点实验室,北京100871 [2]北京大学生命科学学院,蛋白质与植物基因研究国家重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第4期618-636,共19页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:91940301,91540105)资助。

摘　　要：具有重要育种价值的基因资源挖掘与功能研究对于现代农业育种应用至关重要.已有大量研究显示,核糖核酸(ribonucleic acid,RNA)在多种植物的生长发育和环境信号应答中发挥重要作用,是调控多种农作物与经济作物复杂农艺性状的重要基因资源.本文综述了小RNA和长链非编码RNA的生成代谢和功能机制,着重介绍了小RNA、长链非编码RNA及其RNA修饰在调控作物产量与品质、抗病与抗逆等方面的研究进展.同时介绍了利用RNA技术改良遗传性状的研究,并展望了RNA技术的开发与利用对于未来农业生物技术应用的重要意义.The identification and comprehensive analysis of genetic resources possessing significant breeding value are imperative for contemporary agricultural breeding applications.A multitude of research endeavors resoundingly underscore the indispensable role that ribonucleic acid(RNA)plays in the growth and development of diverse plant species,and in response to environmental stimuli.RNAs emerge as pivotal genetic resources,involved in regulating intricate agronomic traits in crops and cultivars.In this review,we provide a succinct overview of the biogenesis and functional mechanisms of small RNAs and long noncoding RNAs,highlighting the advancements in small RNAs,long noncoding RNAs,and their RNA modifications,which influence the regulation of crop yield,quality,and responses to stress.We also introduce research on the application of RNA technology to modify genetic traits,anticipating the profound significance of RNA technology’s innovation and utilization in shaping the future landscape of agricultural biotechnology.

关 键 词：RNA调控 农艺性状 小RNA 长链非编码RNA RNA修饰 RNA技术 

分 类 号：S330[农业科学—作物遗传育种]