适应于老年人心理健康的住区环境优化:概念模型与研究框架  

Residential environmental optimization adapted to the mental health of older adults:A conceptual model and research framework

作　　者：岳亚飞 杨东峰[2] 徐丹[3] 陈石[1] 李沛颖[1] YUE Yafei;YANG Dongfeng;XU Dan;CHEN Shi;LI Peiying

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院 [2]大连理工大学建筑与艺术学院 [3]大连理工大学土木建筑设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第2期1-7,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078095);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目面上项目(JYTMS20231570);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目青年项目(JYTQN2023382)。

摘　　要：城市老年人的心理健康状态与其生活的住区环境密切相关,通过对住区环境的优化以支持老年人心理健康促进,有助于老年友好城市和健康城市的建设。然而既有研究在理论模型、指标选取和分析方法层面存在一定局限,制约了适应于老年人心理健康的规划调整与干预策略的提出。本研究依托于可行能力、自我效能和社会生态模型视角的范式创新,构建适应于老年人心理健康的住区环境优化的概念模型,基于文献综述和概念模型提出研究框架:选取影响老年人心理健康的住区建成和自然环境指标体系;利用多阶层模型、非线性模型和结构方程模型等方法甄别老年人心理健康的住区环境影响要素、临界阈值和作用机制。研究希冀为老年人心理健康友好型的环境规划和设计提供重点和方向,推动健康理念下的住区发展新模式,为老龄化健康住区的实践认知和设计导控提供理论支撑和研究范式。The mental health status of urban older adults is closely related to the residential environment in which they live.The optimization of the residential environment to support the promotion of older adults’mental health contributes to the construction of age-friendly and healthy cities.In the previous literature on the association between the residential environment and the mental health of older adults,the influence factors of the residential environment were multidimensional,and the influence also showed heterogeneity in terms of culture and geography.Meanwhile,the association of the residential environment and the mental health of older adults also had a high degree of complexity,such as a non-linear association.The limitations of existing studies in terms of theoretical modeling,selection of indicators and analytical methods make it hard to identify the key factors,internal mechanisms and pathways through which the residential environment affects the mental health of older adults,thus restricting the proposal of planning adjustments and intervention strategies adapted to the mental health of older adults.In terms of theoretical modeling,taking the limitations of existing studies as an entry point,it constructed a conceptual model and research framework of residential environment and mental health of older adults.It attempted to integrate related theoretical systems and multi-path conceptual models,and to extract the mediating variables and pathways that reflect spatial fairness and psychosocial nature,including Capabilities,Self-efficacy and Environmental Perceptions.In terms of indicator selection,an indicator system adapted to the mental health of older adults was proposed from the built and natural environment dimensions.In the built environment dimension,based on the urban image theory and the findings of the previous literature,the built environment factors were divided into node,path and district levels,in order to incorporate the psychological factors of the residential environment as much as possible

关 键 词：住区环境 心理健康 老年人 理论模型 指标体系 

分 类 号：TU984.114[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]