基于SSR标记的思茅松种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis germplasm resources based on SSR molecular markers

作　　者：陈少瑜 李江 陈伟 罗婷 陈绍安 CHEN Shao-yu;LI Jiang;CHEN Wei;LUO Ting;CHEN Shao-an(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland/Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Exploitation of Forest Plants/Key Laboratory for Conservation of Rare,Endangered&Endemic Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration,Kunming 650201,China;Institute of Forestry Research,Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming 650201,China;Institute of Tropical Forestry Research,Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Xishuangbanna,Yunnan 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院/云南省森林植物培育与开发利用重点实验室/国家林业和草原局云南珍稀濒特森林植物保护和繁育重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院林业研究所,昆明650201 [3]云南省林业和草原科学院普文热带林业研究所,云南西双版纳666100

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第3期532-541,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省重点研发项目(202102AE090022);云南省种子种业联合实验室首席科学家项目(202205AR070001-17)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示思茅松主要分布区内11个群体共338份种质资源遗传多样性水平和遗传结构状况,为思茅松育种群体构建及高轮次遗传改良提供理论依据。【方法】用筛选出的18对引物进行SSR-PCR扩增,产物经毛细管电泳后用PowerMarker v3.25、GenALEx v6.4.1及Structure 2.3.4等软件分析思茅松种质资源的遗传多样性。【结果】18对SSR引物共检测到120个等位基因,平均每个位点的等位基因数为6.667个;种质资源的平均期望杂合度(H_(e))为0.524;平均Shannon信息指数(I)为1.016;平均多态信息指数(PIC)为0.468。思茅松种质资源的遗传变异主要来源于群体内的个体。种质资源的群体分化系数(F_(ST))平均为0.091,即群体间的遗传变异只占总变异的9.1%,分子方差分析(AMOVA)得到了同样的结果。各位点的基因流(N_(m))平均为4.627(N_(m)>1),较大的基因流减小了群体间的分化。STRUCTURE分析将338份思茅松种质资源划分为2个类群,基于Nei’s遗传距离的UPGMA聚类将11个群体划分成3组,普洱市6个群体聚为一组;西双版纳州的2个群体、临沧市和保山市的各1个群体聚为一组;德宏州的1个群体单独为一组。【结论】思茅松种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,遗传变异主要来源于群体内,在进行思茅松的遗传改良时,应根据其遗传结构特征,重点选择多样性高的群体,也要特别关注对群体内优良单株的选择。【Objective】The aim of the study is to reveal the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis germplasm resources,providing a theoretical basis for constructing breeding populations and formulating strategies for genetic improvement.【Method】A total of 338 samples from 11 natural populations were analyzed using SSR molecular markers technology,with the employment of 18 SSR primers.The genetic diversity of the germplasm resources was assessed through PowerMarker v3.25,GenALEx v6.4.1 and Structure 2.3.4.【Result】A total of 120 alleles were detected,with a mean value of 6.667 per locus.The average of expected heterozygosity(H_(e))was 0.524,the average Shannon information index(I)was 1.016,and the average of polymorphic information content(PIC)was 0.468.A large proportion of genetic variation came from within populations.The average coefficient of genetic differentiation(F_(ST))for the germplasm was 0.091,indicating that only 9.1%of the variation existed among populations.This result was consistent with AMOVA analysis.The gene flow(N_(m))was calculated as 4.627(N_(m)>1),indicating that gene flow played a role in preventing differentiation among populations.STRUCTURE analysis divided the 338 individuals into 2 groups,while UPGMA clustering based on Nei’s genetic distance grouped the 11 populations into 2 branches.Notably,six populations in Simao Prefecture formed a distinct branch,and two populations in Xishuangbanna,one in Lincang,and one in Baoshan clustered together,with another distinct branch formed by one population in Dehong.【Conclusion】A higher level of genetic diversity was detected in P.kesiya var.langbianensis germplasm resources,indicating a broad genetic basis for potential genetic improvement.The observed genetic variation was primarily originated from within populations.Therefore,in the process of resource selection and conservation,emphasis should not only be placed on selecting populations with rich genetic diversity but also on identifying superior individ

关 键 词：思茅松 种质资源 SSR分子标记 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S72[农业科学—林木遗传育种]