基于宏基因组技术的橡胶树根际细菌多样性及驱动因素  

Diversity and driving factors of rhizosphere bacteria in rubber trees based on metagenomic technology

作　　者：庞通 李玉武 兰国玉[2,3] 魏亚情 许心诺 PANG Tong;LI Yu-wu;LAN Guo-yu;WEI Ya-qing;XU Xin-nuo(School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学园林与林学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口571101 [3]农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测试验站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第3期604-611,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32271603);海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(320RC733);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-33-ZP3)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析橡胶树根际微生物群落多样性和组成差异及环境驱动因素,为优化橡胶林种植管理模式提供科学依据。【方法】利用宏基因组测序技术,从不同生态位视角分析橡胶树根际细菌群落结构和多样性及环境因素。【结果】在物种组成方面,共检测到细菌150个门,240个纲,414个目,809个科,3284个属和26710个种,橡胶树根际细菌主要富集的优势菌门是变形菌门(Proteobacteria,39.05%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,29.91%)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria,16.18%),用主坐标分析法可视化呈现群落分布情况,发现根际与土壤样本聚集,根表细菌与土壤和根际细菌的分布具有显著差异,置换多元方差分析(PERMANOVA)也验证了该点;在多样性方面,橡胶树根际不同部位细菌群落多样性表现为土壤>根际>根表,α多样性Shannon指数在土壤和根表中差异较显著(P<0.01),其中根际和根表差异极显著(P<0.001),但土壤与根际之间没有显著差异(P>0.05),根表细菌α多样性与另外两个生态位隔室具有显著差异;在驱动因素方面,通过线性回归分析可知,细菌α多样性与pH、速效钾(AK)呈显著负相关(pH:R^(2)=0.53,P<0.001;AK:R^(2)=0.20,P=0.005),与温度(Temperature)、降水(Precipitation)、硝态氮(NN)呈正相关,所有环境因子中pH是影响细菌α多样性最重要的环境因子。RDA分析发现,pH和季节对细菌群落β多样性的影响最大,是影响细菌β多样性的最主要环境因子,季节、pH、全钾、全磷、土壤有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效钾与橡胶林土壤细菌群落具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。【结论】橡胶树根际细菌群落多样性和组成存在显著的生态位差异,pH和季节是影响微生物群落多样性最重要的环境因子。【Objective】The present study aimed to analyze the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere of rubber trees and the environmental driving factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the planting and management mode of rubber plantation.【Method】Metagenomic sequencing technology was used to analyze the community structure and diversity of rhizosphere bacteria and environmental factors from the perspectives of different ecological niches.【Result】In terms of species composition,a total of 150 phyla,240 classes,414 orders,809 families,3284 genera and 26710 species of bacteria were detected,and the dominant phyla of rubber trees rhizosphere bacteria were Proteobacteria(39.05%),Actinobacteria(29.91%)and Acidobacteria(16.18%).The distribution of the community was visualized by principal coordinate analysis,and it was found that the distribution of rhizosphere and soil samples was significantly different,and the distribution of root surface bacteria and soil and rhizosphere bacteria was significantly different,which was also verified by permutation multivariate analysis of variance(PERMANOVA).In terms of diversity,the diversity of bacterial communities in different parts of the rhizosphere of rubber tree was as follows in the soil>rhizosphere>root surface,and the Shannon index ofαdiversity was significantly different in soil and root surface(P<0.01),and the difference between rhizosphere and root surface was extremely significant(P<0.001).However,there was no significant difference between soil and rhizosphere(P>0.05).Theαdiversity of root surface bacteria was significantly different from that of the other two niche compartments.In terms of driving factors,linear regression analysis showed that bacterialαdiversity was negatively correlated with pH and available potassium(AK)(pH:R^(2)=0.53,P<0.001;AK:R^(2)=0.20,P=0.005),which was positively correlated with temperature,precipitation and nitrate nitrogen(NN),and pH was the most important environmental factor affecting

关 键 词：橡胶林 细菌 群落组成 多样性 驱动因子 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]