施用不同有益菌剂对长期连作烤烟根际土壤微生态的影响  

Effects of different beneficial bacteria on rhizosphere soil microecology in long-term continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：王政[1] 刘久羽[1] 李智 李博 李莹 敖金成 WANG Zheng;LIU Jiu-yu;LI Zhi;LI Bo;LI Ying;AO Jin-cheng(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530001,China;College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,南宁530001 [2]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第3期612-621,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省农业联合专项面上项目(202301BD070001-103);广西中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(GXZYCX2021B010)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同有益菌剂对长期连作烤烟根际土壤微生态环境的影响,为连作土壤改良及连作障碍消减提供参考依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验和高通量测序技术,分析长期连作烤烟后添加有益菌哈茨木霉菌剂T-22(T1处理)、枯草芽孢杆菌剂(T2处理)、哈茨木霉菌剂T-22+枯草芽孢杆菌剂(T3处理)的烤烟根际土壤理化性质、酶活性及微生物群落结构和功能。【结果】相较于不施有益菌(对照,CK),施用有益菌剂可提高长期连作烤烟根际土壤的速效养分含量和酶活性,其中,在10个环境因子中,速效磷(AP)含量对烤烟根际土壤细菌群落分布的贡献度(4.97%)最高,碱解氮(AN)含量对烤烟根际土壤真菌群落分布的贡献度(6.91%)最高,蔗糖酶(SC)活性对烤烟根际土壤真菌群落分布的贡献度(6.75%)次之;施用有益菌剂可提高长期连作烤烟根际土壤微生物群落丰度、多样性指数和细菌特有OTUs数;施用有益菌剂可改变长期连作烤烟根际土壤的指示物种丰度,其中,细菌假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)为T1处理的指示物种,鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和被孢霉属(Mortierella)为T1处理的优势菌属,丰度分别为12.2%和25.0%,Minimedusa属为T3处理的指示物种。单施细菌有益菌剂可降低长期连作烤烟根际土壤细菌群落主要代谢途径的丰度,单施真菌有益菌剂则相反;单施真菌、细菌与真菌有益菌剂混施可提高烤烟根际土壤真菌代谢途径的丰度。【结论】施用有益菌剂对长期连作烤烟根际土壤微生态环境具有一定的改良效应,其中,哈茨木霉T-22的施用效果较好,可用于烤烟连作障碍防控。【Objective】The present paper aimed to investigate the impact of different beneficial bacteria on the micro-ecological environment of tobacco rhizosphere soil in long-term continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco,aiming to provide insights for enhancing continuous cropping soil quality and mitigating obstacles associated with consecutive planting.【Method】The physical and chemical properties,enzyme activities,as well as structure and function of the microbial community in flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil were analyzed using pot experiment and high-throughput sequencing technology.The analysis was conducted after long-term continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco with beneficial bacteria agents including Trichoderma harzianum agent T-22(T1 treatment),Bacillus subtilis agent(T2 treatment),and a combination of T.harzanum agent T-22 and B.subtilis agent(T3 treatment).【Result】Compared with not applying beneficial bacteria(CK),the application of beneficial bacteria agents could enhance the availability of nutrients and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of long-term continuous cropping flue-cured tobacco.Among the 10 environmental factors examined,available phosphorus(AP)content exhibited the highest contribution(4.97%)to bacterial community distribution in flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil.Additionally,Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen(AN)content demonstrated the highest contribution(6.91%)to fungal community distribution,while sucrase(SC)activity ranked the second with a contribution of 6.75%;Application of beneficial bacteria agents could increase the diversity index of microbial community structure and the number of unique OTU in long-term continuous cropping tobacco rhizosphere soil;Application of beneficial bacteria agents could increase the abundance,diversity index of microbial community and number of bacteria endemic OTUs in rhizosphere soil of long-term continuous cropping flue-cured tobacco,and change the abundance of indicator species in rhizosphere soil of long-term continuous cropping flu

关 键 词：烤烟 长期连作 土壤微生态环境 土壤酶活性 有益菌剂 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]