不同饲喂方式对早期断奶“茶卡羊”羔羊生长性能、养殖收益及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of different feeding regime on growth performance,breeding benefit and serum biochemical indexes of Chaka lambs after early weaning

作　　者：刘宏金[1,2] 许显莉 韩学平 张骞 郭同庆[1,2,3] 王循刚 罗崇亮 胡林勇 赵娜[1,2] 才让周在[5] 徐世晓[1,2] LIU Hong-jin;XU Xian-li;HAN Xue-ping;ZHANG Qian;GUO Tong-qing;WANG Xun-gang;LUO Chong-liang;HU Lin-yong;ZHAO Na;CAIRANG Zhou-zai;XU Shi-xiao(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Institute of Sanjiangyuan National Park,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Key Laboratory of the Adaption and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Technology Extension Service of Animal Husbandry of Qinghai,Xining 810001,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Gangcha,Gangcha,Qinghai 810399,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所/中国科学院三江源国家公园研究院,西宁810008 [2]中国科学院高原生物适应和进化重点实验室,西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]青海省畜牧总站,西宁810001 [5]青海省刚察县畜牧兽医工作站,青海刚察810399

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第3期648-655,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院-青海省人民政府三江源国家公园联合研究专项(LHZX-2022-02);青海省科技成果转化专项项目(2020-NK-166);国家自然科学基金青年项目(32100100)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究早期断奶后不同饲喂方式对舍饲羔羊生长性能、养殖收益及血清生化指标的影响。【方法】选取体重(5.94±0.34)kg、日龄(20±1)相近的健康茶卡羊公羔40只,用耳标标记,随机分为早期断奶组(A、B、C组)和随母哺乳组(D组,对照),每组10只。早期断奶组羔羊于21日龄开始断奶并用代乳粉替代饲喂至60日龄后进行不同日粮组合饲喂,即A组:开食料+燕麦青干草+玉米青贮;B组:开食料+燕麦青干草;C组:开食料+玉米青贮,饲喂时间为65 d。D组羔羊随母哺乳至试验结束。【结果】生长性能方面,A组羔羊增质量(16.43 kg)、平均日增重(156.48 g/d)、增重比例(362.32%)及饲料转化效率(4.28)显著高于其它各处理组(P<0.05,下同),B组和C组无显著差异(P>0.05,下同)。养殖收益方面,随母哺乳组羔羊收益最低(171.16元/只),断奶后A组饲喂方式显著提高羔羊养殖收益,为217.35元/只。不同饲喂方式显著影响羔羊血清部分激素、氮代谢及免疫功能;激素方面,生长激素(GH)、胰岛素生长因子(IGF-1)和胃泌素含量A组显著高于其它各处理组;氮代谢方面,A组显著提升羔羊氮代谢能力,主要表现为较低的尿素氮(7.12 mmol/L)和尿酸含量(122.25μmol/L);免疫功能方面,免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量在A组显著高于其它处理组。免疫球蛋白M(IgM)在各处理组间无显著差异。【结论】茶卡羊羔羊早期断奶后采用开食料、玉米青贮和燕麦青干草混合饲喂方式有利于其生长性能、养殖收益及机体各功能的发挥。农牧民应树立羔羊早期断奶观念,在早期断奶后通过科学的饲喂管理提升羔羊养殖水平,以期获得良好的生长性能及养殖收益。【Objective】The present study aimed to access the effect of different feeding regime on growth performance,breeding benefit,and serum biochemical indices on Chaka lambs after early weaning.【Method】Forty healthy Chaka male lambs with similar body weight(5.94±0.34 kg)and age(20±1 day)were selected with unique ear tag.The experimental animals were randomly divided into early weaning group(groups A,B,C)and reared with mother milk group(group D).Each groups had ten lambs.Lambs in early weaning groups were weaned at 21 days of age and fed with milk replacer.Until 60 days of age,the treatment groups(A,B,C,respectively)were fed with different diet combinations,that was,group A:starter feed+oats hay+corn silage;group B:starter feed+cats hay;group C:starter feed+corn silage.The experimental period was 65 days.【Result】For growth performance,the weight gain(16.43 kg),average daily weight gain(156.48 g/day),weight gain ratio(362.32%)and forage conversion efficiency(4.28)of lambs in group A were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05,the same as below),but there was no significant difference between groups B and C(P>0.05,the same as below).In terms of breeding income,lambs reared with mother group had the lowest income(171.16￥/sheep).Different forage combinations significantly improved the breeding benefits of lambs,among which group A had the highest breeding income of 217.35￥/sheep.For renal function,the renal function in group A was significantly improved,mainly manifested by lower BUN(7.12 mmol/L)and UA(122.25μmol/L).In terms of immune function,the contents of immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin A(IgA)in group A were significantly higher than those in other groups.There was no significant difference in immunoglobulin M(IgM)between treatments.【Conclusion】The combination feeding of starter feed,corn silage and oats hay after early weaning is beneficial to the growth performance,breeding income and organism functions of Chaka lambs.The herdsmen should establish the concept of early we

关 键 词：早期断奶 羔羊 饲喂方式 生长性能 养殖收益 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]