能量与蛋白质水平对静原鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血液生化指标及代谢组的影响  

Effects of energy and protein levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemistry and metabolome of Jingyuan chickens

作　　者：刘杰 郭荣[2,4] 张娟[4] 张亮亮 杨万升[6] 辛国省 LIU Jie;GUO Rong;ZHANG Juan;ZHANG Liang-liang;YANG Wan-sheng;XIN Guo-sheng(College of Life Sciences,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Lab of Ministey of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Haobiao Analysis&Test Institute,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Wansheng Liability Company,Guyuan,Ningxia 756000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学饲料工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]宁夏大学西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,银川750021 [4]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [5]宁夏昊标检测服务研究院,银川750021 [6]宁夏万升实业有限责任公司,宁夏固原756000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第3期664-677,共14页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF02034)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同能量和蛋白质水平对育成期静原鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、血液生化及代谢组的影响,为确定育成期静原鸡适宜日粮能量、蛋白质水平提供依据。【方法】选取7周龄静原鸡公鸡540只,随机分为9组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。采用2因子×3水平试验设计,因子1为日粮能量水平,设有低、中、高能量组,分别为11.28、11.70、12.12 MJ/kg,因子2为日粮蛋白质水平,设有低、中、高蛋白质组,分别为14.00%、15.50%、17.00%,试验期77 d。【结果】①日粮能量、蛋白质水平及交互作用显著影响末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比(P<0.05,下同),中能量-中蛋白质组(ME-MP组)末重、平均日增重最高,料重比最低;低能量-高蛋白质组(LE-HP组)平均日采食量最低。②日粮能量水平显著影响胸肌率、腿肌率,中能量组胸肌率、腿肌率最高。日粮能量、蛋白质交互作用对屠体率、半净膛率有显著影响,中能量-中蛋白质组(ME-MP组)屠体率、胸肌率、腿肌率最高。③日粮能量水平显著影响尿素含量,中能量组尿素含量最低。日粮蛋白质水平显著影响血糖,高蛋白质组血糖含量最高。日粮能量、蛋白质交互作用显著影响血清总蛋白、白蛋白及游离脂肪酸,中能量-中蛋白质组(ME-MP组)血清总蛋白含量最高、高能量-高蛋白质组(HE-HP组)血清白蛋白含量最高、中能量-高蛋白质组(ME-HP组)游离脂肪酸含量最高。④通过血液代谢组学分析共筛选出16种显著差异代谢物,主要富集在β-丙氨酸代谢、花生四烯酸新陈代谢通路、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、初级胆汁酸生物合成、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸降解等通路。【结论】日粮能量、蛋白质水平可显著影响育成期静原鸡公鸡生长性能、屠宰性能,这可能与其通过影响血清生化指标及代谢通路调控有关,能量、蛋白质需要量综合表�【Objective】This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different energy and protein levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical and metabolome of Jingyuan chickens during breeding period,and to provide evidence for determining the appropriate dietary energy and protein levels of Jingyuan chickens during breeding period.【Method】A total of 5407-week-old male Jingyuan chickens were divided into 9 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.2 factor×3 levels were used to conduct.Factor 1 was the dietary energy level,which was set as 11.28,11.70 and 12.12 MJ/kg in low,medium and high energy groups.Factor 2 was the dietary protein level,which was set to 14.00%,15.50%and 17.00%.The experiment lasted for 77 days.【Result】(i)Final weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to gain were significantly affected by dietary energy and protein levels and their interactions(P<0.05,the same as below).Final weight and average daily gain were the highest in medium energy-medium protein group(ME-MP group),and the ratio of feed to gain was the lowest;The low energy-high protein group(LE-HP group)had the lowest average daily feed intake.(ii)Dietary energy level significantly affected breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate,and the breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate were the highest in medium energy group.The interaction of dietary energy and protein had significant effects on carcass rate and half evisceration rate,and the carcass rate,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate were the highest in medium energy-medium protein group(ME-MP group).(iii)Dietary energy level significantly affected the urea content,and the urea content in the medium energy group was the lowest.Dietary protein level significantly affected blood glucose,and the high protein group had the highest blood glucose content.The interaction between dietary energy and protein significantly affected serum total and albumin protein,and free fatty acid.The serum total prot

关 键 词：能量 蛋白质 静原鸡 生长性能 血清生化 代谢组 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]