‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄试管苗热处理结合茎尖和腋芽培养脱毒技术研究  

Virus Elimination from‘Shine Muscat’Grape Plantlets in vitro via Heat Treatment Combined with Shoot Tip and Axillary Bud Culture

作　　者：杜易静 刘文林 乔月莲 王莉 安德志 杜国强[1] 师校欣[1] DU Yijing;LIU Wenlin;QIAO Yuelian;WANG Li;AN Dezhi;DU Guoqiang;SHI Xiaoxin(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第4期893-902,共10页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系葡萄创新团队建设专项资助(HBCT2023150201);热杂果现代种业科技创新团队(葡萄-6)建设专项资助(21326310D)。

摘　　要：为进一步优化葡萄试管苗脱毒体系,以携带葡萄蚕豆萎蔫病毒(GFabV)、沙地葡萄茎痘相关病毒(GRSPaV)、葡萄灰比诺病毒(GPGV)、葡萄卷叶相关病毒–3(GLRaV-3)和葡萄病毒E(GVE)共5种病毒的‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄试管苗为材料,研究了热处理方式和时间以及热处理后茎尖和腋芽培养对脱毒的影响。结果表明,热处理方式影响试管苗的存活率和脱毒效率,以38℃/光照8 h+32℃/黑暗8 h变温处理效果最佳,其次为38℃/光照16 h+32℃/黑暗8 h变温处理以及38℃恒温/(光照16 h+黑暗8 h)处理。取38℃/光照8 h+32℃/黑暗8 h热处理10、15、20、25、30和40 d的试管苗1.5 mm左右的茎尖和茎尖下第1、2腋芽接种培养,茎尖存活率高于腋芽,繁殖成苗后检测,均脱除了上述5种病毒,其中热处理10 d的平均脱毒率为52.38%,25和30 d的脱毒率均达100%;随热处理时间延长,接种茎尖和腋芽的存活率下降,故热处理时间以25 d为宜。In order to optimize the virus elimination system of grape plantlets in vitro,research on virus elimination was carried out using the‘Shine Muscat’grape plantlets in vitro,which have been detected carrying five viruses including grapevine fabavirus(GFabV),grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus(GRSPaV),grapevine Pinot gris virus(GPGV),grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3(GLRaV-3),and grapevine virus E(GVE).The effects on virus elimination regarding heat treatment ways and duration,as well as plant materials(shoot tip or axillary bud)used for inoculation after heat treatment were studied.The results showed that the heat treatment of 38℃/light 8 h and 32℃/dark 8 h in turn generated the highest survival rate and virus elimination efficiency,followed by the treatment of 38℃/light 16 h and 32℃/dark 8 h in turn and constant 38℃(light 16 h+dark 8 h).Then,about 1.5 mm long shoot tips or the first or the second axillary buds under the shoot tips were cut from the plantlets cultured under the heat treatment of 38℃/light 8 h and 32℃/dark 8 h in turn for 10,15,20,25,30,and 40 days,respectively,for inoculation.The survival rate of the shoot tips was higher than that of the axillary buds.The new plantlets were detected for the viruses,and virus-free plantlets were obtained from all kinds of the materials.The virus elimination rate was 52.38%when the heat treatment duration was 10 d,and reached 100%when that was 25 d or 30 d.With the further increased duration,the survival rate of the inoculated shoot tips and the axillary buds decreased.The duration of 25 d was recommended.

关 键 词：葡萄 试管苗 热处理 茎尖 腋芽 脱毒 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]