一种基于MATLAB的临床瞳孔孔径测量方法  

A Clinical Pupil Aperture Measurement Method Based on MATLAB

作　　者：陈慧茜 周文博 袁莹 Chen Huiqian;Zhou Wenbo;Yuan Ying(First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524009,China;No.91388 Troops of PLA,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524022,China;School of Computer,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha Hunan 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]南部战区海军第一医院,广东湛江524009 [2]解放军第九一三八八部队,广东湛江524022 [3]国防科技大学计算机学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《医疗装备》2024年第7期28-31,共4页Medical Equipment

摘　　要：医护人员可通过观察患者瞳孔孔径大小及其动态变化,实现对昏迷、中毒、心衰、颅脑损伤等多种病症判断。瞳孔检查具有客观、无创、易操作的优点,已成为临床常用的疾病检测手段。目前,临床主要采用目测或瞳孔尺进行瞳孔状态的主观评测,虽操作简单,但存在检测灵敏度低、测量精度不高、测量值可复现性差等缺点,特别是当急危重症患者的瞳孔尺寸发生微小变化时,难以准确及时地监测瞳孔状态,导致患者错过最佳治疗窗口期。针对传统图像处理方法中瞳孔孔径测量精度受伪边界点干扰问题,该研究以MATLAB作为瞳孔图像处理软件平台,采用图像灰度转化、高斯滤波去噪、二值化处理、边缘检测等步骤得到瞳孔轮廓坐标,通过构建伪边界点检测模型实现伪边界点的准确剔除,并在此基础上采用最小二乘圆拟合算法实现瞳孔孔径计算。实验结果表明,与传统方法相比,该研究方法可有效降低外界干扰对瞳孔孔径测量的影响,测量准确度较传统方法最低提升约6.1%,测量时间较传统方法最低减少约0.52s,具备较高的临床应用价值。The diagnosis of various diseases such as coma,poisoning,heart failure,and traumatic brain injury can be achieved by the medical staff's observation of the pupil aperture size and its dynamic changes.With the advantages of objectivity,noninvasive,and easy operation,pupil examination has become one of the commonly used disease detection methods in clinical practice.At present,visual or pupil rulers,as subjective evaluation methods for pupil status in clinical practice,are simple to operate,but they have disadvantages such as low detection sensitivity,low measurement accuracy,and poor reproducibility of measurement values.Especially when the pupil size of critically ill patients undergoes minor changes,it is difficult to accurately and timely monitor the pupil status,which can lead to patients missing the optimal treatment window period.In response to the problem of pseudo boundary point interference in the accuracy of pupil aperture measurement,in this study,with the use of MATLAB as a software platform for pupil image process,image gray conversion,gaussian filtering denoising,binarization processing,edge detection and other steps were used to obtain the pupil contour coordinates.In addition,accurate removal of pseudo boundary points was achieved by constructing a pseudo boundary point detection model,and on this basis,the least squares circle fitting method was used to calculate the pupil aperture.The experimental results showed that compared with traditional methods,this research method can effectively reduce the impact of external interference on pupil aperture measurement.The measurement accuracy was improved by about 6.1%compared to traditional methods,and the measurement time was reduced by about 0.52 seconds compared to traditional methods,with a high clinical application value.

关 键 词：瞳孔 伪边界点 最小二乘圆拟合 HOUGH变换 准则 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]