论宪法作为《民法典》的内容渊源——从“合宪性审查”与“利益法学”的正反视角  

On the Constitution as the Content Source of the Civil Code

作　　者：宝冉 额尔登 BAO Ran;E Er Deng(Civil,Comercial and Economic Law School,China Universtiy of Political Science and Law,Beijin 100088,China;Law School,Gansu University of Political Science and Law,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088 [2]甘肃政法大学法学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《湖北第二师范学院学报》2024年第4期40-46,共7页Journal of Hubei University of Education

摘　　要：“依据宪法,制定民法”的具体内涵问题,涉及到“宪法是否为民法的内容渊源”这一极其重要的“宪民关系问题”,并争论至今。采取了正反两条分析进路:从反面推论而言“合宪性审查”角度看,“根据宪法,制定民法”构成对《民法典》进行合宪性审查的前提,反之,如果能够证明可以对《民法典》内容进行合宪性审查,那便意味着宪法与《民法典》之间存在内容连接;从正面推论而言,“利益法学”角度看,《民法典》亦为民事立法者对相互冲突的利益进行评价的产物,而在法治国家的背景下,宪法的规则、原则与精神必然是重要的利益评价标准,从而使宪法与《民法典》之间产生内容连接。虽然在应然层面,根据宪法所制定之《民法典》具有天然合宪性,但也将不可避免地面临现实层面的合宪性危机,而合宪性解释,便是消解此“二律背反困境”的重要途径。The question of the specific meaning of"making the Civil Code in accordance with the Constitution"involves the extremely important"constitutional-civil relations issue"of"whether the Constitution is the content source of the Civil Code",which has been debated until now.Two analytical approaches are adopted in this article.On the opposite side,"making the Civil Code according to the Constitution"constitutes a prerequisite for constitutional review of the Civil Code,and conversely,if it can be proved that the contents of the Civil Code can be reviewed for constitutionality,it means that there is a content connection between the Constitution and the Civil Code;On the positive side,the Civil Code is also the product of the legislator’s evaluation of conflicting interests.In a country governed by the rule of law,the rules,principles and spirit of the Constitution are important standards for evaluating interests,thus creating a content connection between the Constitution and the Civil Code.Although the Civil Code is naturally constitutional in the natural sense,it will inevitably face a crisis of constitutionality in the real sense,and constitutional interpretation is an important way to solve this"dichotomy dilemma".

关 键 词：依宪立法 合宪性审查 内容渊源 利益法学 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]