榔榆木质部细胞构造特征的季节变化规律研究  

Seasonal change of anatomical characteristics of xylem cell in Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.

作　　者：唐建[1] 吕运舟[2] 叶萌 严瑞昌 张海哲 石江涛 李春涛 Tang Jian;Lyu Yunzhou;Ye Meng;Yan Ruichang;Zhang Haizhe;Shi Jiangtao;Li Chuntao(Suzhou Forestry Station,Suzhou 215128,China;Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 211153,China;Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Changshu Forestry Station,Changshu 215505,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市林业站,江苏苏州215128 [2]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京211153 [3]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210037 [4]常熟市林业站,江苏常熟215505

出　　处：《江苏林业科技》2024年第1期1-5,16,共6页Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目“榔榆珍贵用材定向苗木培育技术集成示范”(LYKJ[2022]14);江苏省林业科学研究院自主科研项目“珍贵用材树种榉树、榔榆等新品种选育”(ZZKY202104)。

摘　　要：为了探究榔榆木质部形成中细胞形态与壁层组分变化规律,以1个生长季内木质部细胞产生过程为主线,联合解剖学技术与光谱学技术,初步研究了木质部细胞形态、细胞尺寸及细胞壁主要化学组成的变化规律。结果表明4月出现2排早材管孔,以单管孔为主,5月开始大量产生木纤维细胞,纤维细胞壁厚,直至9月形成宽约2 mm的木质部;导管与木纤维细胞从4—6月处于伸长阶段,大小随后略有降低;2类细胞的直径则呈不同的季节变化规律;导管细胞壁纤维素和半纤维素的沉积过程在季节内稳定;而木纤维细胞中纤维素和半纤维素的沉积具有季节差异,生长季早期相对含量较低,晚期相对含量明显增加,说明2类细胞间主要组分沉积存在不同步性。In order to investigate the cell morphology and wall components in the formation of the xylem of Ulmus parvifolia Jacq,with the xylem cell production during a growing season taken as the main line,anatomical and spectroscopic techniques were combined to study preliminarily the changes in xylem cell morphology,cell size,and main chemical composition of cell walls.The results showed that 2 rows of earlywood tubular pores appeared in April,dominated by single tubular pores,and a large number of xylem fiber cells began to produce in May,with thick fiber cell wall,until the formation of about 2 mm wide xylem in September;the size of the vessel and the xylem fiber cells were in the elongation stage from April to June,followed by a slight decrease;the diameters of the two types of cells showed a different seasonal pattern of change;the deposition process of cellulose and hemicellulose in vessel cell walls was stable over the seasons;whereas the deposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in wood fiber cells had seasonal differences,with low relative content in the early part of the growing season and a significant increase in relative content in the late part of the growing season,suggesting that there be an asynchrony in the deposition of the major components between the two types of cells.

关 键 词：木材解剖 早材 晚材 木材细胞壁 纤维形态 榔榆 

分 类 号：Q944.55[生物学—植物学] S792.19[农业科学—林木遗传育种]