罗非鱼无乳链球菌弱毒疫苗不同免疫途径最适宜免疫温度的研究  

Study on the optimum immunization temperature for different immunization routes of Streptococcus agalactiae attenuated vaccine in tilapia

作　　者：王瑞 莫玉萍 雷爱莹 黄婷 陈明 李莉萍 WANG Rui;MO Yuping;LEI Aiying;HUANG Ting;CHEN Ming;LI Liping(Guangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture/China(Guangxi)-ASEAN Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Exploitation and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences,Nanning 530021,China;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Nanning City High-tech Industrial Development Zone,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院,广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室/农业农村部中国(广西)-东盟水产种质资源综合开发与利用重点实验室(部省共建),南宁530021 [2]南宁市高新技术产业开发区动物疫病预防控制中心,南宁530007

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第8期104-109,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广西水产科学研究院结余经费科技项目(GXIFJY-202302);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西特色淡水鱼创新团队病害防控岗位功能专家项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-08)。

摘　　要：为了获得罗非鱼无乳链球菌弱毒疫苗不同接种途径最适宜的免疫温度,试验将罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)饲养于4个水温(22℃、26℃、30℃、35℃)中,每个饲养水温分为4组,分别为浸泡组、注射组、口服组和空白对照组,每组40尾。浸泡组罗非鱼链球病疫苗浸泡浓度为1×10^(7)cfu/mL,浸泡时间为15 min;注射组腹腔注射疫苗,疫苗菌液浓度为1×10^(8)cfu/mL,0.2 mL/尾;口服组将疫苗均匀喷洒至饲料表面,晾干投喂,分别于试验第1,3,7天口服接种,疫苗菌液浓度为1×10^(8)cfu/mL,0.2 mL/尾。于免疫后第5,10,15天每组随机选取3尾采集血液及脏器组织,检测免疫后疫苗抗原组织分布、血清抗体水平和溶菌酶活性,计算疫苗相对免疫保护率。结果表明:注射组免疫后第5,10,15天罗非鱼脾脏组织均可检测到疫苗抗原;饲养水温为35℃时,注射组免疫后第5,10,15天血清抗体水平极显著高于空白对照组(P<0.01);饲养水温为22℃时,浸泡组、注射组和口服组血清溶菌酶活性显著或极显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。随着饲养水温的升高,浸泡组相对免疫保护率逐渐降低,22℃时为52.33%;注射组相对免疫保护率逐渐升高,与饲养水温呈正相关,饲养水温为22℃、26℃、30℃、35℃时相对免疫保护率分别为21.53%、68.25%、85.64%和90.43%;口服组相对免疫保护率先升高后下降,26℃饲养水温罗非鱼免疫效果最好,相对免疫保护率为54.51%。说明罗非鱼链球病疫苗浸泡免疫接种最适饲养水温为22℃,注射免疫接种最适饲养水温为35℃,口服免疫接种最适饲养水温为26℃。In order to obtain the optimum immunization temperatures for different vaccination routes of Streptococcus agalactiae attenuated vaccine in tilapia,in the experiment,tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)were reared in four water temperatures(22℃,26℃,30℃,and 35℃);each rearing water temperature was divided into four groups,namely,immersion group,injection group,oral group,and blank control group;and there were 40 fish in each group.In the immersion group,the tilapia was immersed in Streptococcus vaccine at a concentration of 1×10^(7)cfu/mL for immersion time of 15 min;in the injection group,the vaccine was injected intraperitoneally at a concentration of 1×10^(8)cfu/mL,0.2 mL/tail;in the oral group,the vaccine was evenly sprayed onto the surface of the feed,dried and fed,and then orally vaccinated on the 1st,3rd,and 7th day of the experiment,respectively,at a dose of 1×10^(8)cfu/mL,0.2 mL/tail.On the 5th,10th and 15th days after immunization,three tilapia in each group were randomly selected to collect blood and organ tissues;the distribution of vaccine antigens in the tissues,serum antibody levels,lysozyme activity were detected to caculate the relative immuno protection rate of the vaccine after immunization.The results showed that the vaccine antigen could be detected in the spleen tissues of tilapia on the 5th,10th and 15th days after immunization in the injection group.At 35℃of rearing water temperature,the serum antibody level of injection group was extremely significantly higher than that of the blank control group on the 5th,10th and 15th days after immunization(P<0.01).At 22℃of rearing water temperature,the serum lysozyme activity of the immersion group,injection group and oral group was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of the blank control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The relative immuno protection rate of the immersion group gradually decreased with the increase of rearing temperature,and the relative immuno protection rate was negatively correlated with the rearing water temp

关 键 词：罗非鱼 无乳链球菌 接种途径 免疫温度 弱毒疫苗 

分 类 号：S941.4[农业科学—水产养殖]