明代贵州“府卫同城”寄学现象研究  

Analysis on the Phenomenon of Borrowing Schools for"Fu and Wei in the Same City"in Guizhou in Ming Dynasty

作　　者：龚亚春 杨斌[1] GONG Yachun;YANG Bin(School of History and Political,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学历史与政治学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《兴义民族师范学院学报》2024年第2期34-40,共7页Journal of Minzu Normal University of Xingyi

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“历史遗留插花地田野调查与研究”(项目编号:23XZS008)。

摘　　要：明初,朝廷在经略贵州的基础上大量设置卫所。贵州建省后出于拱卫政权的需要,府、州、县城多置于卫所邻域,并在改隶、迁徙等过程中逐渐与卫所形成“府卫同城”。由于教育条件、生员数量、政区管理等方面的限制,导致一些卫学寄于府学。“寄”意指卫的军籍生员可以到府学就读并享受同等待遇。“府卫同城”寄学现象形成的原因多样、类型广泛,对明代贵州科举制度改革、人才培养、行政管理等方面产生深远影响,从中可以窥探明代贵州推进地方教育发展的独特模式。In the early Ming Dynasty,a large number of defensive centers were set up in Guizhou.After the establishment of Guizhou province,due to the need of political power consolidation,the state capitals(Fu)and county towns(Zhou)were mostly placed in the neighboring areas of defensive centers(Wei),because of the changing official positions and migrations,the phenomenon of“Zhou,Fu and Wei are in the same city”is formed in the end.Due to the educational conditions,the number of students,the administrative area management and other aspects of the restrictions,some schools in Wei were merged in schools in Fu.It means that children from defensive centers can study in the state school and enjoy the same treatment.There are various reasons and forms of expression for this phenomenon.It had a profound impact on the reform of the imperial examination system,personnel training and administrative management of Guizhou in the Ming Dynasty,from which we can explore the unique mode of promoting the development of local education in Guizhou in the Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：明代 府卫同城 寄学 贵州教育 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] G527[历史地理—中国史]