‘长富2’ב金红’F1代苹果农艺性状的遗传变异分析  

Genetic Variation Analysis of Agronomic Traits in the F1 Generation Apple of‘Changfu 2’בJinhong’

作　　者：黄金凤[1] 吕天星[1] 闫忠业[1] 王冬梅[1] 刘志[1] 田帅 HUANG Jin-feng;LYU Tian-xing;YAN Zhong-ye;WANG Dong-mei;LIU Zhi;TIAN Shuai(Liaoning Institute of Pomology,Xiongyue Liaoning 115009,China;Suizhong County Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team,Suizhong Liaoning 125200,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省果树科学研究所,辽宁熊岳115009 [2]绥中县农业综合行政执法队,辽宁绥中125200

出　　处：《北方果树》2024年第3期10-14,共5页Northern Fruits

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院学科建设项目(2022DD165028);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(辽[2023]TG 15号)。

摘　　要：以‘长富2’ב金红’及其F1代为试材,对花期、叶片和果实性状进行遗传变异分析。结果表明,初花期以4月25日最多,开花持续天数以七八天居多。所有叶片性状、单粒重、果实横径、果实纵径、果型指数符合数量性状的遗传特点。叶片性状低于低亲率40.18%~83.04%,表现出明显的偏低遗传趋势;单果重、纵径和横径的平均值均小于亲本亲中值,且杂种优势率均为负值,表现出偏小的遗传倾向;酸低于低亲率48.21%,也表现出偏小的遗传倾向;果肉硬度表现出趋中的遗传趋势;可溶性固形物含量超高亲率为70.54%,表现出明显的超高亲遗传倾向。总之,杂交后代农艺性状呈现较广分离,有趋向于高糖和低酸的遗传趋势,同时叶片性状、单果重有趋向于低亲的遗传趋势。Genetic variation analysis was conducted on the flowering period,leaf and fruit traits of‘Changfu 2’בJinhong’and their F1 generation as test materials.The results showed that the first flowering period was most common on April 25 th,and the duration of flowering was mostly seven or eight days.All leaf traits,single grain weight,fruit transverse diameter,fruit longitudinal diameter,and fruit type index conform to the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits.The leaf traits are 40.18%~83.04%lower than the low parental rate,showing a clear trend of low inheritance;The average values of single fruit weight,longitudinal diameter,and transverse diameter are all lower than the median value of the parents,and the heterosis rate is negative,showing a genetic tendency towards smaller values;The acid content is lower than the low parental rate of 48.21%,and it also shows a genetic tendency towards being smaller;The firmness of the fruit flesh shows a genetic trend towards mediocrity;The super high content of soluble solids has a parental rate of 70.54%,indicating a clear tendency towards super high parental inheritance.In summary,the agronomic traits of hybrid offspring exhibit a wide range of segregation,with a tendency towards high sugar and low acid inheritance,while leaf traits and single fruit weight tend to have a tendency towards low parental inheritance.

关 键 词：‘长富2’ב金红’杂交F1代 性状 遗传变异 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]