配比施肥对带状采伐毛竹林立竹数量和质量恢复的影响  

Effects of fertilization application on quantity and quality recovery of restoring strip-harvested moso(Phyllostachys edulis)bamboo forests

作　　者：李承基 官凤英 周潇 张璇 郑亚雄 LI Chengji;GUAN Fengying;ZHOU Xiao;ZHANG Xuan;ZHENG Yaxiong(Key Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan,International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China;National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing City of Jiangsu Province,Wuxi 214200,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102 [2]江苏宜兴竹林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,江苏无锡214200

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期79-85,共7页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2201203)。

摘　　要：【目的】毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)是我国森林资源的重要组成部分,带状采伐是一种常用高效、可机械化的新型竹林经营模式,探究施肥对带状采伐后毛竹林恢复的影响机制,筛选最适施肥配比,可为毛竹林的高效及可持续经营提供参考。【方法】于江苏宜兴林场选取立地条件较好的区域,选择出笋大年的毛竹纯林,在8 m带宽的带状采伐地设置主肥成分N、P2O5、K2O的质量比为2.0∶1.0∶1.0、3.5∶1.0∶2.0、5.0∶1.0∶2.5共3种配比(F1、F2、F3)的施肥试验,以不施肥为对照组。调查处理林地的主要生产力指标(出笋数量、成竹率、新竹胸径特征等),通过数据对比以及方差分析、线性关系拟合等,探究带状采伐毛竹林恢复过程中立竹质量和数量特征对施肥的响应机制。【结果】(1)配比施肥能够显著促进带状采伐毛竹林春笋萌发,但退笋现象明显,成竹率显著降低,施肥处理的林分立竹密度与对照无显著差异,林分的立竹数量特征恢复至伐前水平;(2)F2和F3处理能够显著提高新竹的平均胸径,提高中大径竹的占比,F2处理的新竹胸径-树高散点关系接近传统经营模式。【结论】带状采伐毛竹林立竹恢复的数量和质量特征对不同配比施肥的响应存在差异,但数量特征均能恢复至伐前水平,高氮高钾的配比施肥能够显著提高林分质量,以N、P2O5、K2O质量比为3.5∶1.0∶2.0的配比效果为佳。【Objective】Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)is an integral part of China's forest resources,and strip harvesting is an efficient and mechanizable novel bamboo forest management mode.This study aimed to investigate the promotion effect of proportional fertilization on the post-harvesting recovery of forest stands and select the most suitable fertilizer ratio,providing a reference for the efficient and sustainable management of moso bamboo forests.【Method】In the state-owned Yixing Forest Farm,in selecting the area with favorable site conditions,we selected a pure stand of old-growth moso bamboo and set up a fertilization experiment with three fertilization mass ratios of N to P_2O_5 to K_2O is 2.0∶1.0∶1.0,3.5∶1.0∶2.0 and 5.0∶1.0∶2.5(F1,F2 and F3,respectively)after strip harvesting with an 8-m bandwidth.The main productivity indicators of the forest land[such as the number of shoots,percentage of mature bamboo trees,diameter at breast height(DBH)characteristics of the new bamboo]were investigated and explored the response mechanism of the quality and quantity characteristics of standing bamboo to fertilization during the restoration process of strip-cutting moso bamboo forests through data comparison,variance analysis,linear relationship fitting,and other pertinent statistical methods.【Result】(1)Fertilization could significantly induced new shoot emergence,but the phenomenon of shoot retreat within the stand was evident,the stand splitting rate was significantly reduced,and the stand density of the fertilization treatment did not significantly different from that of the control treatment,indicated that the quantitative characteristics of the stand returned to the pre-harvesting level;(2)The F2 and F3 treatments were able to significantly increase the average DBH of the new bamboo and the proportion of medium-and large-diameter bamboo trees.The diameter at breast height-height(DBH-H)scatter relationship of the new bamboo in the F2 treatment was close to that of the traditional management model

关 键 词：毛竹 带状采伐 配比施肥 质量恢复 立竹密度 

分 类 号：S754[农业科学—森林经理学]